Physics: 1973 Nobel Prize in Physics

Condensed Matter Electromagnetism
1973 Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to: Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, Brian David Josephson Their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively / for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects.

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Source: Wikipedia
In 1973, the Nobel Prize in Physics went to Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, Brian David Josephson. The prize was awarded for: Their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively / for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects.

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Source: Internal
Why does es regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors matter? The work honored in 1973 helped fill in a piece of the puzzle of how the physical world operates. Every Nobel Prize in Physics marks a shift — a moment when our understanding deepened and, often, something practical followed.

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Source: Wikipedia
Historical note: 1973 Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, Brian David Josephson (various countries) received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973. Official Nobel citation: "for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively / for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects" The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded since 1901. Each prize reflects the scientific priorities and discoveries of its era.