First Say to Thyself

First say to yourself what you would be; and then do what you have to do.

Commentary

Commentary

Identity and actio n belong together. Clarity of aim is meant to become conduct, not ornament.

Commentary

Epictetus structures change in tw o movements: definition and discipline. Vision without practice remains wishful, while practice without vision becomes aimless routine.

Commentary

The line remain s practical because it refuses both confusion and theatrics.