Hebrew Word Studies (14 words)
2;Job 1:5, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularוַיַּשְׁכֵּםGenesis 19:27+, 2 masculine singularתְּשְׁכִּיםJudges 9:33, etc.;ImperativeהַשְׁכֵּםExodus 8:16+;Infinitive absoluteהַשְׁכֵּםJeremiah 7:25+,כֵּי 2;Job 1:5, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularוַיַּשְׁכֵּםGenesis 19:27+, 2 masculine singularתְּשְׁכִּיםJudges 9:33, etc.;ImperativeהַשְׁכֵּםExodus 8:16+;Infinitive absoluteהַשְׁכֵּםJeremiah 7:25+,כֵּי
- start (semantic_range)
- rise (semantic_range)
- early (semantic_range)
30(feminineIsaiah 27:2)vineyard(Late Hebrewid.; AramaicכַּרְמָאZinjirliכרםDHMSendsch.58; Arabic,vine; Ethiopicvine; JenZA vii. (1892), 217compare AssyrianKarânu,vine; — etymology dubious; Thes and oth 30(feminineIsaiah 27:2)vineyard(Late Hebrewid.; AramaicכַּרְמָאZinjirliכרםDHMSendsch.58; Arabic,vine; Ethiopicvine; JenZA vii. (1892), 217compare AssyrianKarânu,vine; — etymology dubious; Thes and oth
- tend vineyards (semantic_range)
- dress vines (semantic_range)
- vinedressers (semantic_range)
7, compareריחspectacleDeuteronomy 1:12; Sabeanראיsee, expectDHMZMG xxix (1875), 506,599; Arabicsee, so Ethiopicᵑ7רֵו,רֵיוָאhumanappearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrewרְָאִי2)); —Qal1141Perfect3mas 7, compareריחspectacleDeuteronomy 1:12; Sabeanראיsee, expectDHMZMG xxix (1875), 506,599; Arabicsee, so Ethiopicᵑ7רֵו,רֵיוָאhumanappearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrewרְָאִי2)); —Qal1141Perfect3mas
- vision (semantic_range)
see NöM p. 208, ZMG 1886, p. 739; WAG i. § 367 e)**ᵑ7Onk Jonאִם,ᵑ7Hagאין.1. hypothetical particleif.a.construction(see more fully Dr§ 136-138, 143FriedrichDie Hebr. Condit. sätze 1884): (1) withimperf see NöM p. 208, ZMG 1886, p. 739; WAG i. § 367 e)**ᵑ7Onk Jonאִם,ᵑ7Hagאין.1. hypothetical particleif.a.construction(see more fully Dr§ 136-138, 143FriedrichDie Hebr. Condit. sätze 1884): (1) withimperf
- mother (semantic_range)
- mother (semantic_range)
- dam (semantic_range)
- point of departure (semantic_range)
- division (semantic_range)
A primitive root; to break forth as a bud, i.e. Bloom; generally, to spread; specifically, to fly (as extending the wings); figuratively, to flourish -- X abroad, X abundantly, blossom, break forth (o A primitive root; to break forth as a bud, i.e. Bloom; generally, to spread; specifically, to fly (as extending the wings); figuratively, to flourish -- X abroad, X abundantly, blossom, break forth (o
13+ (masculineonlyHosea 10:1, perhaps influence ofיִשְׂרָאֵל2 Kings 4:39)vine(Late Hebrewid., Arabic(Yemen), Assyriangapnu, compare ZehnpfBAS i. 633; Aramaicגּוֺפַן,גֶּפֶן,, plural) —׳גGenesis 40:938t 13+ (masculineonlyHosea 10:1, perhaps influence ofיִשְׂרָאֵל2 Kings 4:39)vine(Late Hebrewid., Arabic(Yemen), Assyriangapnu, compare ZehnpfBAS i. 633; Aramaicגּוֺפַן,גֶּפֶן,, plural) —׳גGenesis 40:938t
A primitive root; to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve -- appear, break forth, draw (out), let go free, (en-)grave(-n), loose (self), (be, be set) op A primitive root; to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve -- appear, break forth, draw (out), let go free, (en-)grave(-n), loose (self), (be, be set) op
- opened (semantic_range)
- were opened (semantic_range)
13blossom of grape(just at flowering DuvalREJ xiv (1887), 227 ff.Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicסמדר,, MandeanסימאדראNöM. 128); — always absolute׳ס, only Canticles:הַגְּפָנִיםסְמָדַר֖Songs 2:13the vines are(a 13blossom of grape(just at flowering DuvalREJ xiv (1887), 227 ff.Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicסמדר,, MandeanסימאדראNöM. 128); — always absolute׳ס, only Canticles:הַגְּפָנִיםסְמָדַר֖Songs 2:13the vines are(a
A primitive root; properly, to flash; hence, to blossom (from the brilliancy of color); also, to fly away (from the quickness of motion) -- flee away, bud (forth).NAS Exhaustive ConcordanceWord Origin A primitive root; properly, to flash; hence, to blossom (from the brilliancy of color); also, to fly away (from the quickness of motion) -- flee away, bud (forth).NAS Exhaustive ConcordanceWord Origin
23pomegranate(foreign word of doubtful origin, compare LöwNo.310HomA.u. A. 97 ff.; Aramaicרִימּוֺנָא,רוּמָּנָא,, MandeanרומאנאNöM.123; Arabic(Aramaic loan-word, Frä142), Ethiopic); — absolute׳ר1 Samue 23pomegranate(foreign word of doubtful origin, compare LöwNo.310HomA.u. A. 97 ff.; Aramaicרִימּוֺנָא,רוּמָּנָא,, MandeanרומאנאNöM.123; Arabic(Aramaic loan-word, Frä142), Ethiopic); — absolute׳ר1 Samue
- cliff of R (semantic_range)
8,12;Genesis 11:2,7,31 + often; placed early in sentence for emphasis,Micah 4:10שָׁם תִּנָּצֵ֑לִי,Nahum 3:15;Ezekiel 32:22,24;Psalm 104:26+,וְשָׁם ֗֗֗Genesis 41:12;Exodus 15:27;Numbers 13:22,33 +,שָׁם 8,12;Genesis 11:2,7,31 + often; placed early in sentence for emphasis,Micah 4:10שָׁם תִּנָּצֵ֑לִי,Nahum 3:15;Ezekiel 32:22,24;Psalm 104:26+,וְשָׁם ֗֗֗Genesis 41:12;Exodus 15:27;Numbers 13:22,33 +,שָׁם
- name (semantic_range)
19 + often; Old Hebrewנתןיֿהוproper name, masculine Lzb327; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenicianיתן,נתןin proper nameמתנת, etc., Lzb292; Lzb327; AssyriannadânuDlHWB 450(rarelyittanIdib.488); Zinj 19 + often; Old Hebrewנתןיֿהוproper name, masculine Lzb327; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenicianיתן,נתןin proper nameמתנת, etc., Lzb292; Lzb327; AssyriannadânuDlHWB 450(rarelyittanIdib.488); Zinj
- give (semantic_range)
33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, onceאוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, onceאוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:
- sign (semantic_range)
2beloved, love(plural), uncle (Late Hebrewid., Syriac; AssyriandâduDlHA 19) — absoluteדּוֺדSongs 5:9(twice in verse); constructדּוֺד1 Samuel 10:143t.;דֹּדLeviticus 10:4;Esther 2:15; suffixדּוֺדִיIsaia 2beloved, love(plural), uncle (Late Hebrewid., Syriac; AssyriandâduDlHA 19) — absoluteדּוֺדSongs 5:9(twice in verse); constructדּוֺד1 Samuel 10:143t.;דֹּדLeviticus 10:4;Esther 2:15; suffixדּוֺדִיIsaia
- pot (semantic_range)
- jar (semantic_range)
- pot (semantic_range)
- kettle (semantic_range)
- basket (semantic_range)
Interlinear data not available for this verse yet.
Commentary
Gill's Exposition
The mandrakes give a smell,.... Or, "those lovely flowers", as Junius and Tremellius, and Piscator, translate the words; even those the church proposed to give to her beloved, when in the fields Some take them to be violets; others, jessamine; others, more probably, lilies (g); as the circumstances of time and place, when and where they flourished, and their fragrant smell, and figure like cups, show. Ravius (h) contends, that the word signifies, and should be rendered, "the branches put forth their sweet smelling flowers"; and thinks branches of figs are meant, which give a good smell, agreeably to Sol 2:13 ; and which he supposes to be the use of the word in Jer 24:1 ; and to his sense Heidegger (i) agrees; only he thinks the word "branches" is not to be restrained to a particular species, but may signify branches of sweet smelling flowers, and fruits in general. Ludolphus (k) would have the fruit the Arabians, call "mauz", or "muza", intended; which, in the Abyssine country, is as big as a cucumber, and of the same form and shape, fifty of which grow upon one and the same stalk, and are
of a very sweet taste and smell; from which cognation of a great many on the same stalk he thinks it took the name of "dudaim", the word here used, and in Gen 30:14 . But the generality of interpreters and commentators understand by it the mandrakes; and so it is rendered by the Septuagint, and in both the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan, on Gen 30:14 ; but it is questionable whether the same plant that is known among us by that name is meant, since it is of a strong ill scented and offensive smell; and so Pliny says (l) of it: though Dioscorides, Levinus, Lemnius (m), and Augustine (n) (who says he saw the plant and examined it), say it is of a very sweet smell; which though it does not agree with the plant that now bears the name, yet it does with that here intended; for though it is only said to give a smell, no doubt a good one is meant, and such Reuben's mandrakes gave. And by them here may be intended, either the saints and people of God, compared to them for their fragrancy, being clad with the garments of Christ, which smell of myrrh, aloes, and cassia, and are anointed with the savoury ointments of the grace of the Spirit; whose prayers are sweet odours; and their works, with their persons, accepted with God in Christ: or rather the graces of the Spirit in lively exercise may be meant; such as those lovely flowers of faith, hope, love, repentance, patience, self-denial, humility, thankfulness, and others; and at our gates are all manner of pleasant fruits; in distinction from the mandrakes and flowers in the fields Gen 30:14 ; and in allusion to a custom, in many countries, to garnish the posts of the door of newly married persons with branches of trees, and fruits, and flowers; and at other festivals, besides nuptial ones (o), which made it inviting to enter in: and these "all manner of pleasant fruits" may denote the plenty, variety, and excellency of the blessings of grace, and of the graces of the Spirit, believers have from Christ; and of the doctrines and ordinances of the Gospel, which are for their use; and may be said to be "at our gates", as being ready at hand, in the hearts of saints, and in the mouths of Gospel ministers; and open and visible, held forth to public view in the word and ordinances; and which are administered at Wisdom's gates, the gates of Zion, where they are to be met with and had. And which are new and old; denoting the plenty of grace and blessings of it, of old laid up in Christ, and from whom there are fresh supplies continually: or rather the doctrines of the Old and New Testament; which, for matter and substance, are the same; and with which the church, and particularly her faithful ministers, being furnished, bring forth out of their treasure things new and old, Mat 13:52 ; which I have laid up for thee, O my beloved; Christ, whom her soul loved; for though the above fruits, the blessings, promises, and doctrines of grace, which she laid up in her heart, mind, and memory, to bring forth and make use of at proper times and seasons, were for her own use and benefit, and of all believers, yet in all for the honour and glory of Christ, the author and donor of them. Respect may be had to a custom with lovers, to lay up fruits for those they love; at least such custom may be compared with this (p). (g) Pfeiffer. Dubia Vexata, cent. 1. loc. 59. p. 79. (h) Dissert. de Dudaim. (i) Hist. Patriarch. tom. 2. exercit. 19. s. 9, 15. (k) Hist. Ethiop. l. 1. c. 9. (l) Nat. Hist. l. 25. c. 13. (m) Herb. Bibl. Explic. l. 2. (n) Contr. Faustum, l. 22. c. 56. (o) Vid. Plutarch. Amator. vol. 2. p. 755. & Barthium ad Claudian. de Nupt. Honor. v. 208. "Longos erexit janua ramos", Juvenal. Satyr. 12. v. 91. "Necte coronam postibus", Satyr. 6. v. 51, 52. "Ornantur postes", v. 79. "Ornatas paulo ante fores", &c. v. 226, 227. "Junua laureata", Tertull. ad Uxor. l. 2. c. 6. (p) "----Sunt poma gravantia ramos Sunt auro similes longis in vitibus uvae, Sunt et purpureae, tibi et has servamus et ilias". Ovid. Metamorph. l. 13. Fab. 8. Next: Song of Solomon (Canticles) Chapter 8 Sacred Texts | Bible « Previous: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible: Song of Solom... Index Next: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible: Song of Solom... »