Psalms 8:8
"The fowl of the air, and the fish of the sea, and whatsoever passeth through the paths of the seas."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

The fowl of the air,.... These he rained about the tents of the Israelites for their relief, Psa 78:27 , and can command them to feed his people, as the ravens did Elijah, Kg1 17:4 ; or to destroy his enemies, Jer 15:3 ; see Psa 50:10 ; and the fish of the sea: instances of Christ's power over them, and of their being at his command, and for his

service, may be seen in Mat 17:27 ; and whatsoever passeth through the paths of the seas: some (k) understand this of ships, made by the wisdom and art of men, in which they pass through the paths of the sea, and fish in the midst of it. The Targum paraphrases it, "and leviathan, which passes through the paths of the sea". Compare with this Isa 27:1 . Some interpret all these things in a figurative and allegorical way; and some of the ancients by "sheep" understood believers among the Gentiles; by "oxen", the Jews; by "the beasts of the field", idolaters and profane persons; "by the fowls of the air", angels; and by "the fish of the sea", devils: but these are much better explained by Cocceius, who, by "sheep", understands common members of the churches; by "oxen", those that labour in the word and doctrine; by "the beasts of the field", aliens from the city and kingdom of God; men fierce and cruel, Isa 11:6 ; by "the fowl of the air", such as are tilted up with pride and vanity; and by "the fish of the sea", such as are immersed in worldly pleasures. But it is best to interpret the whole literally; from whence may be observed, that what was lost by the first Adam is restored by the second; and that believers have a free use of all the creatures through Christ: and not only the things here mentioned are subject to him, but everything else; there is nothing left that is not put under him, only he is excepted that put all things under him, Heb 2:8 . (k) Aben Ezra & Kimchi in loc.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (6 words)

H6792 צֹנֵא
Definition:

8; suffixצֹנַאֲכֶםNumbers 32:24(JE).Topical LexiconPastoral Context in the Ancient Near Eastצֹנֵא represents the small domesticated livestock—primarily sheep and goats—that formed the backbone of noma 8; suffixצֹנַאֲכֶםNumbers 32:24(JE).Topical LexiconPastoral Context in the Ancient Near Eastצֹנֵא represents the small domesticated livestock—primarily sheep and goats—that formed the backbone of noma

H0504 אֶלֶף
Definition:

8; only pluralcattle(Phoenicianאלף, Assyrianalpu, COTGloss) —אֲלָפִיםProverbs 14:4;Isaiah 30:24used in tillage; subject to manPsalm 8:8(""צֹנֶה); their increaseשְׁגַר אֲלָפֶיךָa blessingDeuteronomy 7: 8; only pluralcattle(Phoenicianאלף, Assyrianalpu, COTGloss) —אֲלָפִיםProverbs 14:4;Isaiah 30:24used in tillage; subject to manPsalm 8:8(""צֹנֶה); their increaseשְׁגַר אֲלָפֶיךָa blessingDeuteronomy 7:

Possible Meanings:
  • 1,000 (semantic_range)
H3605 כֹּל
Definition:

8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA 8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA

H1571 גַּם
Definition:

6וַתִּתֵּן גַּם לְאִישָׁהּand gavealsoto her husband,Genesis 3:27and takealsoof the tree of life,Genesis 7:3;Genesis 19:21;Genesis 24:19;Genesis 26:21;Genesis 29:27;Genesis 30:15;Genesis 32:21(גַּם הִ 6וַתִּתֵּן גַּם לְאִישָׁהּand gavealsoto her husband,Genesis 3:27and takealsoof the tree of life,Genesis 7:3;Genesis 19:21;Genesis 24:19;Genesis 26:21;Genesis 29:27;Genesis 30:15;Genesis 32:21(גַּם הִ

Possible Meanings:
  • moreover (semantic_range)
  • yea (semantic_range)
H0929 בְּהֵמָה
Definition:

24137t.; constructבֶּהֱמַתNumbers 3:41(twice in verse) + 10 t.; suffixבְּהֶמְתְּךָLeviticus 19:194t.;בְּהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָExodus 20:104t.;בְּהֶמְתּוֺGenesis 36:6;Proverbs 12:10; plural absoluteבְּהֵמוֺתDeuter 24137t.; constructבֶּהֱמַתNumbers 3:41(twice in verse) + 10 t.; suffixבְּהֶמְתְּךָLeviticus 19:194t.;בְּהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָExodus 20:104t.;בְּהֶמְתּוֺGenesis 36:6;Proverbs 12:10; plural absoluteבְּהֵמוֺתDeuter

Possible Meanings:
  • beast (semantic_range)
  • animal (semantic_range)
  • cattle (semantic_range)
  • wild beasts (semantic_range)
H7704 שָׂדֶה
Definition:

12field, land(rare original form ofשָׂדֶה(q. v. below), only in poetry); — absolute׳שׂJeremiah 4:17,שָׂדָ֑יHosea 10:4+; —1cultivatedfieldHosea 12:12, alsoHosea 10:4(si vera lectio, but see Now), yield 12field, land(rare original form ofשָׂדֶה(q. v. below), only in poetry); — absolute׳שׂJeremiah 4:17,שָׂדָ֑יHosea 10:4+; —1cultivatedfieldHosea 12:12, alsoHosea 10:4(si vera lectio, but see Now), yield

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