Nehemiah 1:4
"And it came to pass, when I heard these words, that I sat down and wept, and mourned certain days, and fasted, and prayed before the God of heaven,"

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

And it came to pass, when I heard these words,.... This sad and melancholy account of things: that I sat down and wept, and mourned certain days; sat down upon

the ground in dust and ashes, after the manner of mourners, and wept bitterly, and mourned in a most sorrowful manner, see Job 2:8 , and fasted and prayed before the God of heaven; that made it, and dwells in it.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (15 words)

H1961 הָיָה
Definition:

1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu 1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu

Possible Meanings:
  • fall out (semantic_range)
  • come to pass (semantic_range)
  • become (semantic_range)
  • be (semantic_range)
  • Fall out (semantic_range)
H8085 שָׁמַע
Definition:

52+,שָׁמֵ֑עַJeremiah 36:133t.; 2 feminine singularשָׁמַ֫עַתְּ1 Kings 1:112t.; 3 pluralשָׁמֵ֑עוּJudges 2:17+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִשְׁמַעExodus 6:30+, 1 singular cohortativeאֶשְׁמְעָהNumb 52+,שָׁמֵ֑עַJeremiah 36:133t.; 2 feminine singularשָׁמַ֫עַתְּ1 Kings 1:112t.; 3 pluralשָׁמֵ֑עוּJudges 2:17+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִשְׁמַעExodus 6:30+, 1 singular cohortativeאֶשְׁמְעָהNumb

Possible Meanings:
  • hear (semantic_range)
  • hear (semantic_range)
  • have sense of hearing (semantic_range)
  • shew oneself obedient (semantic_range)
H0853 אֵת
Definition:

33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:

Possible Meanings:
  • sign (semantic_range)
H1697 דָבָר
Definition:

14446t.; constructדְּבַרGenesis 12:17361t.; suffixדְּבָרִיNumbers 11:23+ (suffixes 66 t.); singular in all 875 t.; pluralדְּבָרִיםExodus 4:10182t.; constructדִּבְרֵיGenesis 24:30253t.; suffixדְּבָרָיו 14446t.; constructדְּבַרGenesis 12:17361t.; suffixדְּבָרִיNumbers 11:23+ (suffixes 66 t.); singular in all 875 t.; pluralדְּבָרִיםExodus 4:10182t.; constructדִּבְרֵיGenesis 24:30253t.; suffixדְּבָרָיו

Possible Meanings:
  • speaking (semantic_range)
H0428 אֵלֶּה
Definition:

4& often: in apposition to a substantive with a pronominal suffix (alwayswithoutthe article)Exodus 9:14(read with Hi.אֵלֶּה בְּךָforאֶללִֿבְּךָ)Exodus 10:1אֹתֹתַי אֵלֶּהthesemy signs,Exodus 11:8;Deute 4& often: in apposition to a substantive with a pronominal suffix (alwayswithoutthe article)Exodus 9:14(read with Hi.אֵלֶּה בְּךָforאֶללִֿבְּךָ)Exodus 10:1אֹתֹתַי אֵלֶּהthesemy signs,Exodus 11:8;Deute

H3427 יָשַׁב
Definition:

8,19וישב,Judges 1:13ואשב,dwell; Phoenicianישבdwell; ZinjirliישבsitDHMSendsch. 58; Assyrianašâbu,sit,dwell, DlHWB 244; Arabicleap, jump, Himyer. dialectsit, Lane2919; EthiopicII. 1secum cohabitare face 8,19וישב,Judges 1:13ואשב,dwell; Phoenicianישבdwell; ZinjirliישבsitDHMSendsch. 58; Assyrianašâbu,sit,dwell, DlHWB 244; Arabicleap, jump, Himyer. dialectsit, Lane2919; EthiopicII. 1secum cohabitare face

Possible Meanings:
  • remain (semantic_range)
H1058 בָּכָה
Definition:

14;Hosea 12:5;וּבָֽכְתָהconsecutiveDeuteronomy 21:13;בָּכִ֫יתִּיJob 30:25, etc.;ImperfectוַיֵּבְךְGenesis 37:3516t. (וַיֵּבְךְּGenesis 27:28etc.); 3 feminine singularתִּבְכֶּה1 Samuel 1:102t.;וַתִּבְכ 14;Hosea 12:5;וּבָֽכְתָהconsecutiveDeuteronomy 21:13;בָּכִ֫יתִּיJob 30:25, etc.;ImperfectוַיֵּבְךְGenesis 37:3516t. (וַיֵּבְךְּGenesis 27:28etc.); 3 feminine singularתִּבְכֶּה1 Samuel 1:102t.;וַתִּבְכ

Possible Meanings:
  • a weeping (semantic_range)
H0056 אָבַל
Definition:

72t. etc.Imperfect3feminine singularתֶּאֱבַלHosea 4:33t. —mourn, lament(poetic & higher style); absolute, human subjectJoel 1:9;Amos 8:8;Amos 9:5;Isaiah 19:8(""אנה) compareJob 14:22(subjectנַפְשׁוֺ); 72t. etc.Imperfect3feminine singularתֶּאֱבַלHosea 4:33t. —mourn, lament(poetic & higher style); absolute, human subjectJoel 1:9;Amos 8:8;Amos 9:5;Isaiah 19:8(""אנה) compareJob 14:22(subjectנַפְשׁוֺ);

Possible Meanings:
  • able to manage camels (semantic_range)
  • camel (semantic_range)
H3117 יוֹם
Definition:

5day(Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicיומָא,; Phoenicianים; MI5ימן, suffixימיGenesis 1:6;Genesis 1:9;Genesis 1:33, plural constructימיGenesis 1:8, suffix 3masculine singularימה; SI3ים; ZinjirliיוםDHMSendsch Glo 5day(Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicיומָא,; Phoenicianים; MI5ימן, suffixימיGenesis 1:6;Genesis 1:9;Genesis 1:33, plural constructימיGenesis 1:8, suffix 3masculine singularימה; SI3ים; ZinjirliיוםDHMSendsch Glo

H1961 הָיָה
Definition:

1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu 1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu

Possible Meanings:
  • fall out (semantic_range)
  • come to pass (semantic_range)
  • become (semantic_range)
  • be (semantic_range)
  • Fall out (semantic_range)
H6684 צוּם
Definition:

21; 2masculine pluralצַמְתֶּםZechariah 7:5, suffixצַמְתֻּנִיZechariah 7:5;Imperfect3masculine singularוַיָּ֫צָם2 Samuel 12:16,וַיָּצוֺ֑ם1 Kings 21:27; 1singularאָצוּםEsther 4:16, etc.;Imperativemascul 21; 2masculine pluralצַמְתֶּםZechariah 7:5, suffixצַמְתֻּנִיZechariah 7:5;Imperfect3masculine singularוַיָּ֫צָם2 Samuel 12:16,וַיָּצוֺ֑ם1 Kings 21:27; 1singularאָצוּםEsther 4:16, etc.;Imperativemascul

Possible Meanings:
  • fasting (semantic_range)
  • fast (semantic_range)
H6419 פָלַל
Definition:

25; Late Hebrewפלל(rare),נתפלל,pray,מִּילּוּלact of prayer,מְּלִילָהjudicial matter; — otherwise WeHeid. (2), 126who conjectures derivation forהִתְמַּלֵּלfrom Arabicnotch edge(of sword, etc.), i.e.cut 25; Late Hebrewפלל(rare),נתפלל,pray,מִּילּוּלact of prayer,מְּלִילָהjudicial matter; — otherwise WeHeid. (2), 126who conjectures derivation forהִתְמַּלֵּלfrom Arabicnotch edge(of sword, etc.), i.e.cut

Possible Meanings:
  • intervene (semantic_range)
  • interpose (semantic_range)
  • mediate (semantic_range)
  • judge (semantic_range)
  • intercede (semantic_range)
H6440 פָנִים
Definition:

23and (Ezekiel =Proverbs 21:21=edge; on2 Samuel 10:9see below)feminineface, alsofaces(asturnedtoward one); — plural absoluteמָּנִיםGenesis 32:31+; constructמְּנֵי2 Samuel 14:32+; suffix 1 singularמָּנ 23and (Ezekiel =Proverbs 21:21=edge; on2 Samuel 10:9see below)feminineface, alsofaces(asturnedtoward one); — plural absoluteמָּנִיםGenesis 32:31+; constructמְּנֵי2 Samuel 14:32+; suffix 1 singularמָּנ

H0430 אֱלהִים
Definition:

33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power 33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power

Possible Meanings:
  • divine ones (semantic_range)
  • angels (semantic_range)
  • gods (semantic_range)
H8064 שָׁמַיִם
Definition:

28only pluralשָׁמַ֫יִם421(Sta§324 a)heavens, sky(Late Hebrewid.; Assyrianšamûpluralšamê, šamûtu, alsošamâmu, compare Phoenicianשמם; SabeanסמהHomChr 46, 124; ArabicEthiopicAramaicשְׁמַיָּא; Palmyrene, 28only pluralשָׁמַ֫יִם421(Sta§324 a)heavens, sky(Late Hebrewid.; Assyrianšamûpluralšamê, šamûtu, alsošamâmu, compare Phoenicianשמם; SabeanסמהHomChr 46, 124; ArabicEthiopicAramaicשְׁמַיָּא; Palmyrene,

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