Lamentations 4:5
"They that did feed delicately are desolate in the streets: they that were brought up in scarlet embrace dunghills."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

They that did feed delicately are desolate in the streets,.... That were brought up in the king's palace, or in the houses of noblemen; or, however, born of parents rich and wealthy, and had been used to good living, and had fared

sumptuously and deliciously every day, were now wandering about in the streets in the most forlorn and distressed condition, seeking for food of any sort, but could find none to satisfy their hunger; and so, as the Vulgate Latin version renders it, perished in the ways or streets: they that were brought up in scarlet: in dyed garments, as Jarchi; clothed with scarlet coloured ones, as was the manner of the richer and better sort of people, Pro 31:21 ; or, "brought up upon scarlet" (o); upon scarlet carpets, on which they used to sit and eat their food, as is the custom of the eastern people to this day: these embrace dunghills, are glad of them, and with the greatest eagerness rake into them, in order to find something to feed upon, though ever so base and vile; or to sit and lie down upon. Aben Ezra interprets it of their being cast here when dead, and there was none to bury them. (o) "super coccinum", Pagninus, Montanus; "super coccino", Piscator, Michaelis.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (9 words)

H0398 אָכַל
Definition:

28+;אָֽכְלָהNumbers 21:28+; etc.ImperfectיאֹבַלGenesis 49:27+;וַיּאֹ֫כַלGenesis 25:34+;וַיּאֹכַ֑לGenesis 3:6+;יאֹכֵ֑לLeviticus 21:22+;אֹכַלGenesis 24:33+;וָָֽאֹכַ֫לGenesis 27:33;וְאֹכֵ֑לIsaiah 44:19;ו 28+;אָֽכְלָהNumbers 21:28+; etc.ImperfectיאֹבַלGenesis 49:27+;וַיּאֹ֫כַלGenesis 25:34+;וַיּאֹכַ֑לGenesis 3:6+;יאֹכֵ֑לLeviticus 21:22+;אֹכַלGenesis 24:33+;וָָֽאֹכַ֫לGenesis 27:33;וְאֹכֵ֑לIsaiah 44:19;ו

Possible Meanings:
  • eat (semantic_range)
  • devour (semantic_range)
H4574 מַעֲדָן
Definition:

20royal dainties;הָאֹכְלִים לְמַעֲדַנִּיםLamentations 4:5those who ate(according to dainties) daintily; more Generallyוְיִתֵּןמַעֲדַנִּים לְנַפְשֶׁ֑ךָProverbs 29:17he shall givedelightto thy soul (""ו 20royal dainties;הָאֹכְלִים לְמַעֲדַנִּיםLamentations 4:5those who ate(according to dainties) daintily; more Generallyוְיִתֵּןמַעֲדַנִּים לְנַפְשֶׁ֑ךָProverbs 29:17he shall givedelightto thy soul (""ו

Possible Meanings:
  • dainty (semantic_range)
H8074 שָׁמֵם
Definition:

15, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִשֹּׁם;1 Kings 9:8+, 3 masculine pluralיָשֹּׁ֫מּוּJob 17:8;Psalm 40:16, etc.;Imperativemasculine pluralשֹׁ֫מוּJeremiah 2:19;Infinitive construct(?) metaplasticשַׁ 15, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִשֹּׁם;1 Kings 9:8+, 3 masculine pluralיָשֹּׁ֫מּוּJob 17:8;Psalm 40:16, etc.;Imperativemasculine pluralשֹׁ֫מוּJeremiah 2:19;Infinitive construct(?) metaplasticשַׁ

Possible Meanings:
  • be appalled (semantic_range)
H2351 חוּץ
Definition:

3etc.; —1the outside, of a house, tent, city, camp, etc., often used, especially with prepositions, to express the adverb idea ofoutside, abroad(Aramaic synonym, except in sense2a, isבַּר,):a.as accus 3etc.; —1the outside, of a house, tent, city, camp, etc., often used, especially with prepositions, to express the adverb idea ofoutside, abroad(Aramaic synonym, except in sense2a, isבַּר,):a.as accus

Possible Meanings:
  • sew together (semantic_range)
  • bind, compress (semantic_range)
  • bandage (semantic_range)
  • encompass (semantic_range)
  • wall (semantic_range)
H0539 אָמַן
Definition:

1,5;Esther 2:7,2as substantivefoster-fatherNumbers 11:12(J)Isaiah 49:23.3אֹמֶנֶתfoster-mother, nurseRuth 4:16;2 Samuel 4:4.4אֹמְנוֺתpillars, supporters of the door2 Kings 18:16. Participlepassivea.הָא 1,5;Esther 2:7,2as substantivefoster-fatherNumbers 11:12(J)Isaiah 49:23.3אֹמֶנֶתfoster-mother, nurseRuth 4:16;2 Samuel 4:4.4אֹמְנוֺתpillars, supporters of the door2 Kings 18:16. Participlepassivea.הָא

Possible Meanings:
  • trust (semantic_range)
H5921 עַל
Definition:

“The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the “The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the

Possible Meanings:
  • upon (semantic_range)
  • on account of (semantic_range)
  • to (semantic_range)
H8438 תּוֹלָע
Definition:

20(P).2scarlet stuff, absolute singularתּוֺלָIsaiah 1:18(in sim ""שָׁנִים; opposed toצֶמֶר); token of luxuryLamentations 4:5.תּוֺלֵעָה,תּוֺלַ֫עַת40noun feminineworm; — absoluteתּוֺלֵעָהIsaiah 14:11;Jo 20(P).2scarlet stuff, absolute singularתּוֺלָIsaiah 1:18(in sim ""שָׁנִים; opposed toצֶמֶר); token of luxuryLamentations 4:5.תּוֺלֵעָה,תּוֺלַ֫עַת40noun feminineworm; — absoluteתּוֺלֵעָהIsaiah 14:11;Jo

H2263 חָבַק
Definition:

5;ParticipleחֹבֵּקEcclesiastes 4:5;חֹבֶקֶת2 Kings 4:16; —embrace, with accusativeבֵּן2 Kings 4:16;יָדָיוEcclesiastes 4:5(said ofהַכְּסִיל= fold his arms, i.e. be idle; compareחִבֻּק); no object expres 5;ParticipleחֹבֵּקEcclesiastes 4:5;חֹבֶקֶת2 Kings 4:16; —embrace, with accusativeבֵּן2 Kings 4:16;יָדָיוEcclesiastes 4:5(said ofהַכְּסִיל= fold his arms, i.e. be idle; compareחִבֻּק); no object expres

Possible Meanings:
  • a clasping (semantic_range)
  • folding (semantic_range)
H0830 אַשְׁפֹּת
Definition:

8=Psalm 113:7(both ""עָפָר; compareJob 2:8Wetzst in De); so pluralאַשׁפַתּוֺתLamentations 4:5;שַׁעַר הָאַשְׁמֹּתNehemiah 2:13;Nehemiah 3:14;Nehemiah 12:31=הָֽשְׁפוֺת׳שׁNehemiah 3:13(Ges§ 35d).Topical 8=Psalm 113:7(both ""עָפָר; compareJob 2:8Wetzst in De); so pluralאַשׁפַתּוֺתLamentations 4:5;שַׁעַר הָאַשְׁמֹּתNehemiah 2:13;Nehemiah 3:14;Nehemiah 12:31=הָֽשְׁפוֺת׳שׁNehemiah 3:13(Ges§ 35d).Topical

Possible Meanings:
  • ash-heap (semantic_range)
  • refuse-heap (semantic_range)
  • dung (semantic_range)
  • fire-place stones (semantic_range)

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