Joshua 9:1
"And it came to pass, when all the kings which were on this side Jordan, in the hills, and in the valleys, and in all the coasts of the great sea over against Lebanon, the Hittite, and the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, heard thereof;"

Commentary

Matthew Henry Concise

📖

Summary

Hitherto the Canaanites had defended themselves, but here they consult to attack Israel. Their minds were blinded, and their hearts hardened to their destruction.

Reflection

Though often at enmity with each other, yet they united against Israel. Oh that Israel would learn of Canaanites, to sacrifice private interests to the public welfare, and to lay

aside all quarrels among themselves, that they may unite against the enemies of God's kingdom!WHBC 197.2

📚Read Complete Commentary

Hitherto the Canaanites had defended themselves, but here they consult to attack Israel. Their minds were blinded, and their hearts hardened to their destruction. Though often at enmity with each

other, yet they united against Israel. Oh that Israel would learn of Canaanites, to sacrifice private interests to the public welfare, and to lay aside all quarrels among themselves, that they may unite against the enemies of God's kingdom!WHBC 197.2

Source: Matthew Henry Concise (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (22 words)

H1961 הָיָה
Definition:

1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu 1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu

Possible Meanings:
  • fall out (semantic_range)
  • come to pass (semantic_range)
  • become (semantic_range)
  • be (semantic_range)
  • Fall out (semantic_range)
H8085 שָׁמַע
Definition:

52+,שָׁמֵ֑עַJeremiah 36:133t.; 2 feminine singularשָׁמַ֫עַתְּ1 Kings 1:112t.; 3 pluralשָׁמֵ֑עוּJudges 2:17+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִשְׁמַעExodus 6:30+, 1 singular cohortativeאֶשְׁמְעָהNumb 52+,שָׁמֵ֑עַJeremiah 36:133t.; 2 feminine singularשָׁמַ֫עַתְּ1 Kings 1:112t.; 3 pluralשָׁמֵ֑עוּJudges 2:17+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִשְׁמַעExodus 6:30+, 1 singular cohortativeאֶשְׁמְעָהNumb

Possible Meanings:
  • hear (semantic_range)
  • hear (semantic_range)
  • have sense of hearing (semantic_range)
  • shew oneself obedient (semantic_range)
H3605 כֹּל
Definition:

8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA 8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA

H4428 מֶלֶךְ
Definition:

4המלכן; Phoenicianמלך; ZinjirliמלךDHMSendsch. 60; Assyrianmaliku,malku,prince(Assyrianšarru=king); Arabicking(original Hebrew *מַלִחinferred, LagBN 73BaNB § 112WMMAs. u. Europ.76); SabeanמלכןSabDenkmN 4המלכן; Phoenicianמלך; ZinjirliמלךDHMSendsch. 60; Assyrianmaliku,malku,prince(Assyrianšarru=king); Arabicking(original Hebrew *מַלִחinferred, LagBN 73BaNB § 112WMMAs. u. Europ.76); SabeanמלכןSabDenkmN

Possible Meanings:
  • counsel (semantic_range)
  • advice (semantic_range)
H0834 אֲשֶׁר
Definition:

1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff 1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff

Possible Meanings:
  • Asher (semantic_range)
  • happy one (semantic_range)
  • Felix (semantic_range)
  • the tribe (semantic_range)
H5676 עֵבֶר
Definition:

40region across or beyond, side(on formation compare BaNB 144; compare especially Assyrianêbru, êbirtu, id.,êbirtan, adverbbeyond); —׳יabsolute1 Samuel 14:4+; constructJoshua 24:4+; suffixעֶבְרוֺIsaia 40region across or beyond, side(on formation compare BaNB 144; compare especially Assyrianêbru, êbirtu, id.,êbirtan, adverbbeyond); —׳יabsolute1 Samuel 14:4+; constructJoshua 24:4+; suffixעֶבְרוֺIsaia

H3383 יַרְדֵּן
Definition:

10162t.; withהlocativeהַיַּרְדֵּ֫נָהJudges 8:43t.;יַרְדֵּןonlyPsalm 42:7;Job 40:23; constructיַרְדֵּןNumbers 26:311t. Numbers Josh +1 Chronicles 6:63; — the river of Palestine: in all periods, chiefly 10162t.; withהlocativeהַיַּרְדֵּ֫נָהJudges 8:43t.;יַרְדֵּןonlyPsalm 42:7;Job 40:23; constructיַרְדֵּןNumbers 26:311t. Numbers Josh +1 Chronicles 6:63; — the river of Palestine: in all periods, chiefly

Possible Meanings:
  • Jordan (semantic_range)
H2022 הַר
Definition:

26, readהוֺרֵיעָֿד; but betterהַרֲרֵיעַֿדeverlasting mountains, seeהַרbelowהרר.הַר558noun masculineGenesis 7:19mountain, hill, hill-country(Late Hebrewid., pluralהָרִים,הֲרָרִים; PhoenicianהרCISi. 3, 26, readהוֺרֵיעָֿד; but betterהַרֲרֵיעַֿדeverlasting mountains, seeהַרbelowהרר.הַר558noun masculineGenesis 7:19mountain, hill, hill-country(Late Hebrewid., pluralהָרִים,הֲרָרִים; PhoenicianהרCISi. 3,

H8219 שְׁפֵלָה
Definition:

16; —lowland:1usually technical term of strip west of Judaean mountains(on exact limits see GASmGeogr. 201 ff.; Expos. Dec. 1896, 404 f.BuhlGeogr. 104DrHast. DB iii. 892 f.): almost always distinguish 16; —lowland:1usually technical term of strip west of Judaean mountains(on exact limits see GASmGeogr. 201 ff.; Expos. Dec. 1896, 404 f.BuhlGeogr. 104DrHast. DB iii. 892 f.): almost always distinguish

H3605 כֹּל
Definition:

8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA 8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA

H2348 חוֹף
Definition:

13(twice in verse) + 5 t.: —shore of seaהַיָּם׳חDeuteronomy 1:7;Joshua 9:1(both D),Judges 5:17;Jeremiah 47:7;Ezekiel 25:16;יַמִּים׳חGenesis 49:13(poem);׳חאֳנִיּוֺתGenesis 49:13the shore of ships, i.e. 13(twice in verse) + 5 t.: —shore of seaהַיָּם׳חDeuteronomy 1:7;Joshua 9:1(both D),Judges 5:17;Jeremiah 47:7;Ezekiel 25:16;יַמִּים׳חGenesis 49:13(poem);׳חאֳנִיּוֺתGenesis 49:13the shore of ships, i.e.

Possible Meanings:
  • coast (semantic_range)
  • surrounding (semantic_range)
  • enclosing (semantic_range)
H3220 יָם
Definition:

27sea(Phoenicianים; Arabic; Palmyreneבימאon the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrianiâmu, (¹mu),sea, see DlHWB 307M-ACD 52HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absoluteיָם1 Samuel 13:5+;יָ֫מָּהGenesis 28:14+; constructיָםGenesi 27sea(Phoenicianים; Arabic; Palmyreneבימאon the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrianiâmu, (¹mu),sea, see DlHWB 307M-ACD 52HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absoluteיָם1 Samuel 13:5+;יָ֫מָּהGenesis 28:14+; constructיָםGenesi

H1419 גָּדוֹל
Definition:

13 279t.;גָּדֹלDeuteronomy 26:822t.; constructגְּדוֺלEzekiel 17:3,7;Jeremiah 32:19,גְּדָלֿProverbs 19:19,גְּדָו֯לֿPsalm 145:8;Nahum 1:3; suffixגְּדוֺלָםJeremiah 6:132t.; pluralגְּדוֺלִיםExodus 7:411t. 13 279t.;גָּדֹלDeuteronomy 26:822t.; constructגְּדוֺלEzekiel 17:3,7;Jeremiah 32:19,גְּדָלֿProverbs 19:19,גְּדָו֯לֿPsalm 145:8;Nahum 1:3; suffixגְּדוֺלָםJeremiah 6:132t.; pluralגְּדוֺלִיםExodus 7:411t.

Possible Meanings:
  • great (semantic_range)
  • loud (semantic_range)
  • do great things (semantic_range)
  • greatness (semantic_range)
H0413 אֶל
Definition:

22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE 22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE

Possible Meanings:
  • these (semantic_range)
H4136 מוּל
Definition:

38readלַשְּׂמאֹל, seeשׂמאל.I.מוּל,מוֺל(Deuteronomy 1:1),מוֺאל(Nehemiah 12:38)substantiveandprepositionfront, in front of(derivatives dubious; according to Ol§ 223 cSta§ 378 a, forמְאוֺלfromאוּלto be i 38readלַשְּׂמאֹל, seeשׂמאל.I.מוּל,מוֺל(Deuteronomy 1:1),מוֺאל(Nehemiah 12:38)substantiveandprepositionfront, in front of(derivatives dubious; according to Ol§ 223 cSta§ 378 a, forמְאוֺלfromאוּלto be i

Possible Meanings:
  • circumcise (semantic_range)
  • circumcise (semantic_range)
  • be circumcised (semantic_range)
  • in the name of (semantic_range)
  • yea I will make them to be circumcised (semantic_range)
H3844 לְבָנוֹן
Definition:

25הַלְּבָנֹןvan d. H.)71proper name, of a mountainLebanon(Phoenicianלבנן; AssyrianLabnanu, etc., SchrCOT on1 Kings 5:13, DlPar. 103 ff.; EgyptianRa-m­n-nWMMAsien u.Europa,197ff.; Arabiccompare further 25הַלְּבָנֹןvan d. H.)71proper name, of a mountainLebanon(Phoenicianלבנן; AssyrianLabnanu, etc., SchrCOT on1 Kings 5:13, DlPar. 103 ff.; EgyptianRa-m­n-nWMMAsien u.Europa,197ff.; Arabiccompare further

H2850 חִתִּי
Definition:

19DlPa, 269 ff.; Tel el-Amarna–atti, –attaBezTel el Amarn. Brit. Mus. 150) — masculine always with articleהַחִתִּיGenesis 23:10;Exodus 3:8+; feminineחִתִּיתEzekiel 16:3,45; masculine pluralהַחִתִּיםJo 19DlPa, 269 ff.; Tel el-Amarna–atti, –attaBezTel el Amarn. Brit. Mus. 150) — masculine always with articleהַחִתִּיGenesis 23:10;Exodus 3:8+; feminineחִתִּיתEzekiel 16:3,45; masculine pluralהַחִתִּיםJo

Possible Meanings:
  • Hittite (semantic_range)
H0567 אֲמֹרִי
Definition:

95t.)Amorites(perhaps =mountain-dwellers, compareNumbers 13:29;Deuteronomy 1:7,19f. etc. & DiGenesis 10:16and elsewhere)**meaningmountain-dwellersvery dubious; on׳א= Egyptian'A-ma-rasee WMMAs.u.Eur.22 95t.)Amorites(perhaps =mountain-dwellers, compareNumbers 13:29;Deuteronomy 1:7,19f. etc. & DiGenesis 10:16and elsewhere)**meaningmountain-dwellersvery dubious; on׳א= Egyptian'A-ma-rasee WMMAs.u.Eur.22

Possible Meanings:
  • tall (semantic_range)
  • eloquent (semantic_range)
H3669 כְּנַעַנִי
Definition:

Patrial fromKna'an; a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile caravans) -- Canaanite, merchan Patrial fromKna'an; a Kenaanite or inhabitant of Kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the Canaanites standing for their neighbors the Ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile caravans) -- Canaanite, merchan

Possible Meanings:
  • trader (semantic_range)
  • merchant (semantic_range)
H6522 פְרִזִי
Definition:

7;Genesis 34:30(J),Judges 1:4,5; also in list of peoples dispossessed by IsraelGenesis 15:20;Exodus 3:817t.Topical LexiconEthnic Identity and Meaning within ScriptureThe Perizzites appear exclusively 7;Genesis 34:30(J),Judges 1:4,5; also in list of peoples dispossessed by IsraelGenesis 15:20;Exodus 3:817t.Topical LexiconEthnic Identity and Meaning within ScriptureThe Perizzites appear exclusively

H2340 חִוִּי
Definition:

2(P), compare׳צִבְעוֺן הַחGenesis 36:2(but read ratherהַחֹרִיOl Di compareᵐ5Joshua 9:7).2with article as proper name collectiveהַחִוִּיthe Hivvites'begotten' by CanaanGenesis 10:17=1 Chronicles 1:15; 2(P), compare׳צִבְעוֺן הַחGenesis 36:2(but read ratherהַחֹרִיOl Di compareᵐ5Joshua 9:7).2with article as proper name collectiveהַחִוִּיthe Hivvites'begotten' by CanaanGenesis 10:17=1 Chronicles 1:15;

Possible Meanings:
  • villagers (semantic_range)
H2983 יְבוּסִי
Definition:

16,18 compare1 Chronicles 21:15,18,28; 2Chronicles 3:1; as substantivea JebusiteZechariah 9:7; usually with article׳הַיcollectivethe Jebusites, in historical statementGenesis 10:16(J) =1 Chronicles 1: 16,18 compare1 Chronicles 21:15,18,28; 2Chronicles 3:1; as substantivea JebusiteZechariah 9:7; usually with article׳הַיcollectivethe Jebusites, in historical statementGenesis 10:16(J) =1 Chronicles 1:

Possible Meanings:
  • Jerusalem (semantic_range)

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