Hebrew Word Studies (22 words)
A primitive root; to fear; morally, to revere; caus. To frighten -- affright, be (make) afraid, dread(-ful), (put in) fear(-ful, -fully, -ing), (be had in) reverence(-end), X see, terrible (act, -ness A primitive root; to fear; morally, to revere; caus. To frighten -- affright, be (make) afraid, dread(-ful), (put in) fear(-ful, -fully, -ing), (be had in) reverence(-end), X see, terrible (act, -ness
- shoot (semantic_range)
- pour (semantic_range)
- shoot with arrows (semantic_range)
- and they shot at (semantic_range)
- the shooters (semantic_range)
5;Ezekiel 27:29;מַלָּחַיִךְEzekiel 27:27;מַלָּחֵיהֶםEzekiel 27:9(BaNB 49 Anm. 3); —mariners, sailorsof ship going to TarshishJonah 1:5(compareרַב הַחֹבֵלJonah 1:6); to TyreEzekiel 27:9, compareEzekiel 5;Ezekiel 27:29;מַלָּחַיִךְEzekiel 27:27;מַלָּחֵיהֶםEzekiel 27:9(BaNB 49 Anm. 3); —mariners, sailorsof ship going to TarshishJonah 1:5(compareרַב הַחֹבֵלJonah 1:6); to TyreEzekiel 27:9, compareEzekiel
- eat salt (semantic_range)
19; 1singularזָעַקְתִּיPsalm 142:6; 3pluralזָָֽעֲקוּJudges 6:73t.;וְזָעֲקוּconsecutiveJudges 11:112t.; 2 masculine pluralוּזְעַקְתֶּםconsecutive1 Samuel 8:18;Imperfect3masculine singularיִזְעָ֑קIsaiah 19; 1singularזָעַקְתִּיPsalm 142:6; 3pluralזָָֽעֲקוּJudges 6:73t.;וְזָעֲקוּconsecutiveJudges 11:112t.; 2 masculine pluralוּזְעַקְתֶּםconsecutive1 Samuel 8:18;Imperfect3masculine singularיִזְעָ֑קIsaiah
- cry (semantic_range)
- call (semantic_range)
23+; constructGenesis 25:27+; suffixאִישִׁיGenesis 29:32+, etc.; pluralאִישִׁיםPsalm 141:42t. (Phoenicianאשם); usuallyאֲנָשִׁיםGenesis 12:20+, from √אנשׁq. v.; constructאַנְשֵׁיJudges 6:27+; suffixאֲנ 23+; constructGenesis 25:27+; suffixאִישִׁיGenesis 29:32+, etc.; pluralאִישִׁיםPsalm 141:42t. (Phoenicianאשם); usuallyאֲנָשִׁיםGenesis 12:20+, from √אנשׁq. v.; constructאַנְשֵׁיJudges 6:27+; suffixאֲנ
- man (semantic_range)
22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE 22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE
- these (semantic_range)
33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power 33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power
- divine ones (semantic_range)
- angels (semantic_range)
- gods (semantic_range)
hang loosely,expand) —PilpelParticipleמְטַלְטֶלְךָטַלְטֵלָה גָ֫בֶרIsaiah 22:17hurleth theeviolently.Hiph`ilPerfectהֵטִילJonah 1:4;וְהֵטַלְתִּ֫יJeremiah 16:13;Jeremiah 22:26;Imperfectוַיָּ֫טֶל1 Samuel hang loosely,expand) —PilpelParticipleמְטַלְטֶלְךָטַלְטֵלָה גָ֫בֶרIsaiah 22:17hurleth theeviolently.Hiph`ilPerfectהֵטִילJonah 1:4;וְהֵטַלְתִּ֫יJeremiah 16:13;Jeremiah 22:26;Imperfectוַיָּ֫טֶל1 Samuel
- cast (semantic_range)
- cast (semantic_range)
- cast out (semantic_range)
33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, onceאוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, onceאוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:
- sign (semantic_range)
8article, utensil, vessel(Late Hebrewid.; according to Thes fromכלה=conficere, like GermanZeugfromzeugen; properly therefore anythingfinished, made, produced; according to BaZMG 1887, 605from meaninge 8article, utensil, vessel(Late Hebrewid.; according to Thes fromכלה=conficere, like GermanZeugfromzeugen; properly therefore anythingfinished, made, produced; according to BaZMG 1887, 605from meaninge
1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff 1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff
- Asher (semantic_range)
- happy one (semantic_range)
- Felix (semantic_range)
- the tribe (semantic_range)
33t.;PluralabsoluteאֳנִיּוֺתDeuteronomy 28:68+;אֳונִ֯יּוֺת2Chronicles 8:18; construct = absolute1 Kings 22:49+, etc.; —a shipProverbs 30:19;Genesis 49:13;Deuteronomy 28:68;Judges 5:17(where, however, 33t.;PluralabsoluteאֳנִיּוֺתDeuteronomy 28:68+;אֳונִ֯יּוֺת2Chronicles 8:18; construct = absolute1 Kings 22:49+, etc.; —a shipProverbs 30:19;Genesis 49:13;Deuteronomy 28:68;Judges 5:17(where, however,
22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE 22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE
- these (semantic_range)
27sea(Phoenicianים; Arabic; Palmyreneבימאon the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrianiâmu, (¹mu),sea, see DlHWB 307M-ACD 52HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absoluteיָם1 Samuel 13:5+;יָ֫מָּהGenesis 28:14+; constructיָםGenesi 27sea(Phoenicianים; Arabic; Palmyreneבימאon the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrianiâmu, (¹mu),sea, see DlHWB 307M-ACD 52HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absoluteיָם1 Samuel 13:5+;יָ֫מָּהGenesis 28:14+; constructיָםGenesi
vibrate, whirl(of sword),:see be shaken; — SchwZAW xi (1891), 170 ff.thinksshakeoriginal, seeמַקֵּל); —QalPerfect2masculine singularקַלּוֺתָNahum 1:14; 1singularקַלֹּתיJob 40:4; 3pluralקַלּוּGenesis 8 vibrate, whirl(of sword),:see be shaken; — SchwZAW xi (1891), 170 ff.thinksshakeoriginal, seeמַקֵּל); —QalPerfect2masculine singularקַלּוֺתָNahum 1:14; 1singularקַלֹּתיJob 40:4; 3pluralקַלּוּGenesis 8
- burnished (semantic_range)
- light (semantic_range)
- quick (semantic_range)
“The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the “The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the
- upon (semantic_range)
- on account of (semantic_range)
- to (semantic_range)
25he wasהַנָּבִיאson ofאֲמִתַּי, fromגַּת הַחֵפֶרand predicted the recovery of Israel's territory which Jeroboam II effected; he is also the principal figure of the Book of Jonah:2 Kings 1:1(בֶּןאֲֿמִ 25he wasהַנָּבִיאson ofאֲמִתַּי, fromגַּת הַחֵפֶרand predicted the recovery of Israel's territory which Jeroboam II effected; he is also the principal figure of the Book of Jonah:2 Kings 1:1(בֶּןאֲֿמִ
- dove (semantic_range)
18+;יְרַדJudges 5:13(twice in verse) (but readיָרַדorיֵרֵד);רַדJudges 19:11(readיָרַד), etc.;ImperfectיֵרֵדGenesis 42:38+;וַיֵּ֫רֶדGenesis 11:5+;וַיֵּרַ֑ד2 Samuel 22:102t.; 3 feminine singularתֵּ֫רֶד 18+;יְרַדJudges 5:13(twice in verse) (but readיָרַדorיֵרֵד);רַדJudges 19:11(readיָרַד), etc.;ImperfectיֵרֵדGenesis 42:38+;וַיֵּ֫רֶדGenesis 11:5+;וַיֵּרַ֑ד2 Samuel 22:102t.; 3 feminine singularתֵּ֫רֶד
- come (semantic_range)
- go down (semantic_range)
- descend (semantic_range)
- come (semantic_range)
- go down (semantic_range)
22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE 22;1 Samuel 5:26;1 Samuel 15:22;1 Samuel 29:19), with suffixאֵלַי,אֵלֶיךָ,אֵלַיִךְ, etc.אֵלֵינוּ,אֲלֵיכֶם& (5 t.)אֲלֵכֶם,אֲלֵיהֶם&אֲלֵהֶם(both very often); onceאֵלֵימוֺPsalm 2:5,אֲלֵיהֶן, onceאֲלֵהֶןE
- these (semantic_range)
13; dualיַרְכָתַיִםExodus 26:27;Exodus 36:32+Ezekiel 46:19Qr (Ktירכתם);יַרְכָתָ֑יִםExodus 26:23;Exodus 36:28; constructיַרְכְּתֵיJudges 19:120t. +1 Kings 6:16Qr (Ktירכותי); —1side, i.e.further sideof 13; dualיַרְכָתַיִםExodus 26:27;Exodus 36:32+Ezekiel 46:19Qr (Ktירכתם);יַרְכָתָ֑יִםExodus 26:23;Exodus 36:28; constructיַרְכְּתֵיJudges 19:120t. +1 Kings 6:16Qr (Ktירכותי); —1side, i.e.further sideof
- flank (semantic_range)
- extreme parts (semantic_range)
- recesses (semantic_range)
5.ספף(√ of following, meaning unknown).Topical LexiconOccurrence and Narrative SettingThe noun appears once, inJonah 1:5, within the account of the prophet’s attempt to flee from the presence of the L 5.ספף(√ of following, meaning unknown).Topical LexiconOccurrence and Narrative SettingThe noun appears once, inJonah 1:5, within the account of the prophet’s attempt to flee from the presence of the L
- vessel (semantic_range)
- ship (semantic_range)
- covered in (semantic_range)
- overlaid (semantic_range)
23 (in death),משכבbedEcclesiasticus 40:5; Ecclesiasticus 47:20d, =death bedEcclesiasticus 46:19; Phoenicianשכב,משכב(see׳מ1below), Lzb375; Ethiopiclie, Aramaicשְׁכַב,; Nabataeanמשכבאcouch; Arabiconlypo 23 (in death),משכבbedEcclesiasticus 40:5; Ecclesiasticus 47:20d, =death bedEcclesiasticus 46:19; Phoenicianשכב,משכב(see׳מ1below), Lzb375; Ethiopiclie, Aramaicשְׁכַב,; Nabataeanמשכבאcouch; Arabiconlypo
- lie down (semantic_range)
- lie down (semantic_range)
- lodge (semantic_range)
- lie down (semantic_range)
A primitive root; to stun, i.e. Stupefy (with sleep or death) -- (be fast a-, be in a deep, cast into a dead, that) sleep(-er, -eth).Brown-Driver-Briggs[רָדַם]verb Niph`albe in, or fall into, heavy sl A primitive root; to stun, i.e. Stupefy (with sleep or death) -- (be fast a-, be in a deep, cast into a dead, that) sleep(-er, -eth).Brown-Driver-Briggs[רָדַם]verb Niph`albe in, or fall into, heavy sl
- heavy sleep (semantic_range)
Interlinear data not available for this verse yet.
Commentary
Gill's Exposition
Then the mariners were afraid,.... Perceiving that the storm was not an ordinary, but a supernatural one; and that the ship and all in it were in extreme danger, and no probability of being saved. This shows that the storm must be very violent, to frighten such men who were used to the sea, and to storms, and were naturally bold and intrepid. The word used signifies "salters", so called from the salt sea they used, as they are by us "mariners", from "mare", the "sea"; though R. Japhet in Aben Ezra thinks the commodity they carried in their
vessel was salt: and cried every man to his god: to help them, and save them out of their distress. In the ship it seems were men of different nations, and who worshipped different gods. It was a notion of the Jews, and which Jarchi mentions as his own, that there were men of the seventy nations of the earth in it; and as each of them had a different god, they separately called upon them. The polytheism of the Pagans is to be condemned, and shows the great uncertainty of their religion; yet this appears to be agreeable to the light of nature that there is a God, and that God is to be prayed unto, and called upon, especially in time of trouble: and cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it of them; or, "the vessels" (c), a word the Hebrews use for all sorts of goods, utensils, &c. it includes, with others, their military weapons they had to defend themselves, their provisions, the ship's stores or goods it was freighted with; finding their prayers to their gods were ineffectual, they betook themselves to this prudential method to lighten the ship, that they might be able to keep its head above water. So the Targum, "when they saw there was no profit in them;'' that is in the gods they called upon, then they did this; the other was a matter of religion this a point of prudence; such a step the mariners took that belonged to the ship in which the Apostle Paul was, Act 27:18 ; but Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; into one of its sides, into a cabin there; the lowest side, as the Targum: and he lay, and was fast asleep; even snored, as some versions have it: it may seem strange he should when the wind was so strong and boisterous; the sea roaring; the waves beating; the ship rolling about; the mariners hurrying from place to place, and calling to each other to do their duty; and the passengers crying; and, above all, that he should fall into so sound a sleep, and continue in it, when he had such a guilty conscience. This shows that he was asleep in a spiritual as well as in a corporeal sense. (c) "vasa", V. L. Vatablus, Grotius.