Hosea 6:4
"O Ephraim, what shall I do unto thee? O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your goodness is as a morning cloud, and as the early dew it goeth away."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

O Ephraim, what shall I do unto thee? O Judah, what shall I do unto thee?.... Or, "for thee" (x)? The Lord having observed the effect and consequence of his going and returning to his place, of his leaving his people for a long time under afflictions and in distress; namely, their thorough conversion to him in the latter day, and the blessings attending it; returns to the then present times again, and to the state and condition in which Ephraim and Judah, the ten and two tribes,

were; and speaks as one at a loss, and under difficulties, to know what to do with them and for them; how as it were to give them up to ruin and destruction; and yet, having tried all ways with them, and in vain, asks what further was to be done, or could be done, to bring them to a sense of their sins, to reform them, and cause them to return to him; for your goodness is as a morning cloud, and as the early dew it goeth way; meaning not the goodness of God bestowed upon them, and the mercy he showed to them; but the goodness that appeared in them, and all the good things done by them, their repentance, reformation, holiness, and righteousness; these, which were only in show, did not last long, came to nothing, and disappeared; like a light cloud in the morning, which vanishes away when the sun rises; or like the dew that falls in the night, which is quickly dried up and gone, after the sun has been up a small time. Thus it was with Ephraim, or the ten tribes, in the time of Jehu; there was a show of zeal for religion, and a reformation from idolatry; but it did not go on, nor last long; and with the two tribes of Judah and Benjamin in the times of Hezekiah and Josiah, who did that which was right in the eyes of the Lord; but then the Jews, in the times of their successors, returned to their former evil ways. And so the best works, holiness and righteousness of men, can no more stand before the justice of God, and the strict examination of it, than a thin light morning cloud, or the small drops of dew, before the light, force, and heat of the sun; nor do formal and carnal professors continue in these things; they may run well for a while, and then drop their profession and religion, and turn from the holy commandment. And this being the case, what can they expect from the Lord? (x) "in tuum commodum", Schmidt.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (12 words)

H4100 מָה
Definition:

43;Joshua 22:16;Judges 8:1),מַהֿ,מַהּ,מֶה,מַּ(Exodus 4:2;Isaiah 3:15;Malachi 1:13;1 Chronicles 15:13; 2Chronicles 30:3),מָ(only inמָהֵםEzekiel 8:6Kt., Qr.מָה הֵם) — on the distinction in the use of th 43;Joshua 22:16;Judges 8:1),מַהֿ,מַהּ,מֶה,מַּ(Exodus 4:2;Isaiah 3:15;Malachi 1:13;1 Chronicles 15:13; 2Chronicles 30:3),מָ(only inמָהֵםEzekiel 8:6Kt., Qr.מָה הֵם) — on the distinction in the use of th

Possible Meanings:
  • what? (semantic_range)
H6213 עָשָׂה
Definition:

A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly, A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly,

Possible Meanings:
  • press (semantic_range)
  • squeeze (semantic_range)
H0669 אֶפְרַיִם
Definition:

52 connected withהִפְרָה, Hiph`il ofפרה, compareפראHiph`ilHosea 13:15).12nd son of JosephGenesis 41:52;Genesis 46:20; reckoned among sons of Jacob, blessed by him, and given preference over ManassehGe 52 connected withהִפְרָה, Hiph`il ofפרה, compareפראHiph`ilHosea 13:15).12nd son of JosephGenesis 41:52;Genesis 46:20; reckoned among sons of Jacob, blessed by him, and given preference over ManassehGe

Possible Meanings:
  • Ephraim (semantic_range)
H4100 מָה
Definition:

43;Joshua 22:16;Judges 8:1),מַהֿ,מַהּ,מֶה,מַּ(Exodus 4:2;Isaiah 3:15;Malachi 1:13;1 Chronicles 15:13; 2Chronicles 30:3),מָ(only inמָהֵםEzekiel 8:6Kt., Qr.מָה הֵם) — on the distinction in the use of th 43;Joshua 22:16;Judges 8:1),מַהֿ,מַהּ,מֶה,מַּ(Exodus 4:2;Isaiah 3:15;Malachi 1:13;1 Chronicles 15:13; 2Chronicles 30:3),מָ(only inמָהֵםEzekiel 8:6Kt., Qr.מָה הֵם) — on the distinction in the use of th

Possible Meanings:
  • what? (semantic_range)
H6213 עָשָׂה
Definition:

A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly, A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly,

Possible Meanings:
  • press (semantic_range)
  • squeeze (semantic_range)
H3063 יְהוּדָה
Definition:

35;Genesis 49:8(q. v. below) as if derived from Hoph`al ofידה=praised, object of praise(onהcompare Hiph`ilאֲהוֺדֶ֑נּוּPsalm 28:7,יְהוֺדֶהNehemiah 11:17), but this dubious; relation toיְהֻד, II.יְהוּדִ 35;Genesis 49:8(q. v. below) as if derived from Hoph`al ofידה=praised, object of praise(onהcompare Hiph`ilאֲהוֺדֶ֑נּוּPsalm 28:7,יְהוֺדֶהNehemiah 11:17), but this dubious; relation toיְהֻד, II.יְהוּדִ

Possible Meanings:
  • Judah (semantic_range)
  • son of Jacob and Leah (semantic_range)
  • tribe (semantic_range)
  • nation (semantic_range)
  • land of Judah (semantic_range)
H2617 חֵסֵד
Definition:

Fromchacad; kindness; by implication (towards God) piety: rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) Beauty -- favour, good deed(-liness, -ness), kindly, (loving-)kindness, merciful (kindness), mer Fromchacad; kindness; by implication (towards God) piety: rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) Beauty -- favour, good deed(-liness, -ness), kindly, (loving-)kindness, merciful (kindness), mer

Possible Meanings:
  • shame (semantic_range)
  • reproach (semantic_range)
H6051 עָנָן
Definition:

16cloud-mass, cloud; —׳(הֶ)עabsoluteExodus 19:9+; constructעֲנַזִHosea 6:4+; suffixעֲנָֽנְךָNumbers 14:14,עֲנָנוֺJob 26:9;Job 37:15; pluralעֲנִיםJeremiah 4:13; —1cloud-mass:a.especially of theophanic 16cloud-mass, cloud; —׳(הֶ)עabsoluteExodus 19:9+; constructעֲנַזִHosea 6:4+; suffixעֲנָֽנְךָNumbers 14:14,עֲנָנוֺJob 26:9;Job 37:15; pluralעֲנִיםJeremiah 4:13; —1cloud-mass:a.especially of theophanic

H1242 בֹּקֶר
Definition:

13morning(Late Hebrewid.; fromsplit, penetrate, as the dawn the darkness, light through cloud-rifts, etc.) —׳בGenesis 1:5+ (always absolute); pluralבְּקָרִיםJob 7:184t.; —1morning(of point of time, ti 13morning(Late Hebrewid.; fromsplit, penetrate, as the dawn the darkness, light through cloud-rifts, etc.) —׳בGenesis 1:5+ (always absolute); pluralבְּקָרִיםJob 7:184t.; —1morning(of point of time, ti

Possible Meanings:
  • inquire (semantic_range)
  • seek (semantic_range)
  • let search be made (semantic_range)
H2919 טַל
Definition:

37night-mist, dew(Late Hebrewטַלdew; Aramaic,טַלָּאdew; Arabiclight rain, dew; Ethiopicdew) —׳טabsolute1 Samuel 1:2112t.;טָ֑לJudges 6:139t.; constructטַלGenesis 27:284t.; suffixטַלֶּ֑ךָIsaiah 26:19,טַ 37night-mist, dew(Late Hebrewטַלdew; Aramaic,טַלָּאdew; Arabiclight rain, dew; Ethiopicdew) —׳טabsolute1 Samuel 1:2112t.;טָ֑לJudges 6:139t.; constructטַלGenesis 27:284t.; suffixטַלֶּ֑ךָIsaiah 26:19,טַ

H7925 שָׁכַם
Definition:

2;Job 1:5, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularוַיַּשְׁכֵּםGenesis 19:27+, 2 masculine singularתְּשְׁכִּיםJudges 9:33, etc.;ImperativeהַשְׁכֵּםExodus 8:16+;Infinitive absoluteהַשְׁכֵּםJeremiah 7:25+,כֵּי 2;Job 1:5, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularוַיַּשְׁכֵּםGenesis 19:27+, 2 masculine singularתְּשְׁכִּיםJudges 9:33, etc.;ImperativeהַשְׁכֵּםExodus 8:16+;Infinitive absoluteהַשְׁכֵּםJeremiah 7:25+,כֵּי

Possible Meanings:
  • start (semantic_range)
  • rise (semantic_range)
  • early (semantic_range)
H1980 הָלַךְ
Definition:

26+;הָלָ֑ךְ2 Samuel 8:6+; 3 pluralהָֽלְכוּGenesis 14:24+;(הֶ)הָֽלְכוּאJoshua 10:24(Ges§ 23, 3; 138, 3 b Köi. 414 f.), etc.;Imperfectrarelya.3masculine singularיִהֲלֹךְJeremiah 9:34t. Job, Psalms;וַיַּ 26+;הָלָ֑ךְ2 Samuel 8:6+; 3 pluralהָֽלְכוּGenesis 14:24+;(הֶ)הָֽלְכוּאJoshua 10:24(Ges§ 23, 3; 138, 3 b Köi. 414 f.), etc.;Imperfectrarelya.3masculine singularיִהֲלֹךְJeremiah 9:34t. Job, Psalms;וַיַּ

Possible Meanings:
  • toll (semantic_range)

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