Genesis 9:23
"And Shem and Japheth took a garment, and laid it upon both their shoulders, and went backward, and covered the nakedness of their father; and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father’s nakedness."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

And Shem and Japheth took a garment,.... Who were the two brothers Ham told what he had seen, and who, no doubt, reproved him for his ill behaviour, and then took a garment,

a coat of their own, very probably, some large garment fit for the purpose: and laid it upon both their shoulders; one part of it on the right shoulder of the one, and the other on the left shoulder of the other: and went backward, and covered the nakedness of their father; going backward when they came into the tent, and to the place where their father lay, they threw the garment off from their shoulders over him, and so covered him: and their faces were backward, and they saw not their father's nakedness: which they purposely shunned, for which reason they went backwards, and their faces were backwards to their father; which showed their modesty, and their filial piety and duty, and thus by their actions reproved Ham, as well as doubtless they did by words.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (21 words)

H3947 לָקַח
Definition:

22+,לָקָח֑Genesis 27:36+ (קָחEzekiel 17:5is textual error; omitted byᵐ5ᵑ6Co, compare Ges§ 19, 3. a); suffixלְקָחַנִיGenesis 24:7,לְקָחָםJeremiah 27:20(forקָחָםHosea 11:3read probablyאֶקָּחֵםᵐ5ᵑ7Ew St 22+,לָקָח֑Genesis 27:36+ (קָחEzekiel 17:5is textual error; omitted byᵐ5ᵑ6Co, compare Ges§ 19, 3. a); suffixלְקָחַנִיGenesis 24:7,לְקָחָםJeremiah 27:20(forקָחָםHosea 11:3read probablyאֶקָּחֵםᵐ5ᵑ7Ew St

Possible Meanings:
  • learning (semantic_range)
  • teaching (semantic_range)
  • what is received (semantic_range)
  • instruction (semantic_range)
  • teaching (semantic_range)
H8035 שֵׁם
Definition:

32;Genesis 6:10;Genesis 7:13;Genesis 10:1,22,31;Genesis 11:10(twice in verse);Genesis 11:11(all P),Genesis 9:18,23,26,27;Genesis 10:21(all J),1 Chronicles 1:4,17,24;σημ.Topical LexiconIdentity and Pos 32;Genesis 6:10;Genesis 7:13;Genesis 10:1,22,31;Genesis 11:10(twice in verse);Genesis 11:11(all P),Genesis 9:18,23,26,27;Genesis 10:21(all J),1 Chronicles 1:4,17,24;σημ.Topical LexiconIdentity and Pos

Possible Meanings:
  • name (semantic_range)
H3315 יֶפֶת
Definition:

לְיֶפֶת׳יַפְתְּ אGenesis 9:27( J),Genesis 7:13;Genesis 10:2(P) =1 Chronicles 1:4;Genesis 9:23;Genesis 10:21(J);יָפֶ֑תGenesis 9:18(J),Genesis 5:32;Genesis 6:10;Genesis 10:1(P),1 Chronicles 1:5.Topical לְיֶפֶת׳יַפְתְּ אGenesis 9:27( J),Genesis 7:13;Genesis 10:2(P) =1 Chronicles 1:4;Genesis 9:23;Genesis 10:21(J);יָפֶ֑תGenesis 9:18(J),Genesis 5:32;Genesis 6:10;Genesis 10:1(P),1 Chronicles 1:5.Topical

H0853 אֵת
Definition:

33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:

Possible Meanings:
  • sign (semantic_range)
H8071 שִׂמְלָה
Definition:

23+, constructשִׂמְלַתDeuteronomy 21:13;Deuteronomy 22:5; suffixשִׂמְלָֽתְךָDeuteronomy 8:4, etc.; pluralשְׂמָלֹתGenesis 45:22(twice in verse) +, suffixשִׂמְלֹתָםGenesis 44:13+, etc.; —wrapper, mantle 23+, constructשִׂמְלַתDeuteronomy 21:13;Deuteronomy 22:5; suffixשִׂמְלָֽתְךָDeuteronomy 8:4, etc.; pluralשְׂמָלֹתGenesis 45:22(twice in verse) +, suffixשִׂמְלֹתָםGenesis 44:13+, etc.; —wrapper, mantle

Possible Meanings:
  • outer garment (semantic_range)
  • covering (semantic_range)
  • garment (semantic_range)
H7760 שׂוּם
Definition:

582verbput, place, set(compare NöZMG xxxvii (1883), 532; Late HebrewסוּסPi`eldesignate, fix,שׂוםEcclus 45:5c; Ecclus 49:6; Phoenicianשם, Assyrianšâmu. fix, determine;Sabeanשׂיםset, set up, SabDenkmNo. 582verbput, place, set(compare NöZMG xxxvii (1883), 532; Late HebrewסוּסPi`eldesignate, fix,שׂוםEcclus 45:5c; Ecclus 49:6; Phoenicianשם, Assyrianšâmu. fix, determine;Sabeanשׂיםset, set up, SabDenkmNo.

Possible Meanings:
  • make (semantic_range)
  • make (semantic_range)
  • make (semantic_range)
  • appoint (semantic_range)
H5921 עַל
Definition:

“The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the “The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the

Possible Meanings:
  • upon (semantic_range)
  • on account of (semantic_range)
  • to (semantic_range)
H7926 שְׁכֶם
Definition:

9shoulder; — absolute׳שׁGenesis 48:2+,שְׁכֶ֑םGenesis 33:19+,שֶׁ֑כֶםPsalm 21:13(whence original *šakminferred Ol§ 147 a near the endSta§ 199 a; butֶ֯derived fromִ֯beforeכ, BaNB 104Kö ii.l.67, 506); con 9shoulder; — absolute׳שׁGenesis 48:2+,שְׁכֶ֑םGenesis 33:19+,שֶׁ֑כֶםPsalm 21:13(whence original *šakminferred Ol§ 147 a near the endSta§ 199 a; butֶ֯derived fromִ֯beforeכ, BaNB 104Kö ii.l.67, 506); con

Possible Meanings:
  • start (semantic_range)
  • rise (semantic_range)
  • early (semantic_range)
H8147 שְׁנַיִם
Definition:

768noun masculine and feminine dualtwo(Late Hebrewid.; Phoenicianאשנם(and׳שנsecond), PunicשנםLzb380; Arabic; SabeanתֿניHomChr 47, Aramaicתְּרֵין,(תִּנְיָנָא,second); Nabataeanתרין, Palmyrene feminineת 768noun masculine and feminine dualtwo(Late Hebrewid.; Phoenicianאשנם(and׳שנsecond), PunicשנםLzb380; Arabic; SabeanתֿניHomChr 47, Aramaicתְּרֵין,(תִּנְיָנָא,second); Nabataeanתרין, Palmyrene feminineת

H3212 יָלַךְ
Definition:

A primitive root (comparehalak); to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) -- X again, away, bear, bring, carry (away), come (away), depart, flow, + follow(-ing), A primitive root (comparehalak); to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses) -- X again, away, bear, bring, carry (away), come (away), depart, flow, + follow(-ing),

H0322 אֲחֹרַנִּית
Definition:

23(twice in verse);1 Samuel 4:18;1 Kings 18:37;2 Kings 20:10,11;Isaiah 38:8.Topical LexiconSemantic Scope and Nuanceאֲחֹרַנִּית points to movement or orientation “toward the rear” in space, in time, o 23(twice in verse);1 Samuel 4:18;1 Kings 18:37;2 Kings 20:10,11;Isaiah 38:8.Topical LexiconSemantic Scope and Nuanceאֲחֹרַנִּית points to movement or orientation “toward the rear” in space, in time, o

Possible Meanings:
  • backwards (semantic_range)
H3680 כָּסָה
Definition:

kusîtu, garment DlHWB 342) —Qal, onlyParticiple activeכֹּסֶה; —1concealshameProverbs 12:16; knowledgeProverbs 12:23.2passive(construct)כְּסוּי חֲטָאָהPsalm 32:1coveredin respect of sin (by God, which kusîtu, garment DlHWB 342) —Qal, onlyParticiple activeכֹּסֶה; —1concealshameProverbs 12:16; knowledgeProverbs 12:23.2passive(construct)כְּסוּי חֲטָאָהPsalm 32:1coveredin respect of sin (by God, which

Possible Meanings:
  • bind (semantic_range)
  • take captive (semantic_range)
  • fetter (semantic_range)
  • a fetter (semantic_range)
H0853 אֵת
Definition:

33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:

Possible Meanings:
  • sign (semantic_range)
H6172 עֶרְוָה
Definition:

42;Leviticus 18:6; usually constructעֶרְוַתGenesis 9:22+, suffixעֶרְוָ˜תְךָExodus 20:23(Ginsb),Leviticus 18:10;עֶרְוָתֵךְIsaiah 47:3+;ת֯וֺLeviticus 20:17,תָ֯הּLeviticus 18:7+; suffix 3 feminine plural 42;Leviticus 18:6; usually constructעֶרְוַתGenesis 9:22+, suffixעֶרְוָ˜תְךָExodus 20:23(Ginsb),Leviticus 18:10;עֶרְוָתֵךְIsaiah 47:3+;ת֯וֺLeviticus 20:17,תָ֯הּLeviticus 18:7+; suffix 3 feminine plural

Possible Meanings:
  • dishonour (semantic_range)
H0001 אָב
Definition:

1947t.; constructאַבGenesis 17:4,5; (compare inאַבְרָהָםib.& elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposedאֲבִרseeאברהם);אֲבִי(compare Ge§§ 90, 3b, 96)Genesis 4:20+; suffixאָבִיGenesis 19:34+ (MIאבי);א 1947t.; constructאַבGenesis 17:4,5; (compare inאַבְרָהָםib.& elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposedאֲבִרseeאברהם);אֲבִי(compare Ge§§ 90, 3b, 96)Genesis 4:20+; suffixאָבִיGenesis 19:34+ (MIאבי);א

Possible Meanings:
  • father (semantic_range)
H6440 פָנִים
Definition:

23and (Ezekiel =Proverbs 21:21=edge; on2 Samuel 10:9see below)feminineface, alsofaces(asturnedtoward one); — plural absoluteמָּנִיםGenesis 32:31+; constructמְּנֵי2 Samuel 14:32+; suffix 1 singularמָּנ 23and (Ezekiel =Proverbs 21:21=edge; on2 Samuel 10:9see below)feminineface, alsofaces(asturnedtoward one); — plural absoluteמָּנִיםGenesis 32:31+; constructמְּנֵי2 Samuel 14:32+; suffix 1 singularמָּנ

H0322 אֲחֹרַנִּית
Definition:

23(twice in verse);1 Samuel 4:18;1 Kings 18:37;2 Kings 20:10,11;Isaiah 38:8.Topical LexiconSemantic Scope and Nuanceאֲחֹרַנִּית points to movement or orientation “toward the rear” in space, in time, o 23(twice in verse);1 Samuel 4:18;1 Kings 18:37;2 Kings 20:10,11;Isaiah 38:8.Topical LexiconSemantic Scope and Nuanceאֲחֹרַנִּית points to movement or orientation “toward the rear” in space, in time, o

Possible Meanings:
  • backwards (semantic_range)
H6172 עֶרְוָה
Definition:

42;Leviticus 18:6; usually constructעֶרְוַתGenesis 9:22+, suffixעֶרְוָ˜תְךָExodus 20:23(Ginsb),Leviticus 18:10;עֶרְוָתֵךְIsaiah 47:3+;ת֯וֺLeviticus 20:17,תָ֯הּLeviticus 18:7+; suffix 3 feminine plural 42;Leviticus 18:6; usually constructעֶרְוַתGenesis 9:22+, suffixעֶרְוָ˜תְךָExodus 20:23(Ginsb),Leviticus 18:10;עֶרְוָתֵךְIsaiah 47:3+;ת֯וֺLeviticus 20:17,תָ֯הּLeviticus 18:7+; suffix 3 feminine plural

Possible Meanings:
  • dishonour (semantic_range)
H0001 אָב
Definition:

1947t.; constructאַבGenesis 17:4,5; (compare inאַבְרָהָםib.& elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposedאֲבִרseeאברהם);אֲבִי(compare Ge§§ 90, 3b, 96)Genesis 4:20+; suffixאָבִיGenesis 19:34+ (MIאבי);א 1947t.; constructאַבGenesis 17:4,5; (compare inאַבְרָהָםib.& elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposedאֲבִרseeאברהם);אֲבִי(compare Ge§§ 90, 3b, 96)Genesis 4:20+; suffixאָבִיGenesis 19:34+ (MIאבי);א

Possible Meanings:
  • father (semantic_range)
H3808 לֹא
Definition:

11) {lo}; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. Negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles (as follows) -- X before, + or else, ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, 11) {lo}; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. Negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles (as follows) -- X before, + or else, ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay,

H7200 רָאָה
Definition:

7, compareריחspectacleDeuteronomy 1:12; Sabeanראיsee, expectDHMZMG xxix (1875), 506,599; Arabicsee, so Ethiopicᵑ7רֵו,רֵיוָאhumanappearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrewרְָאִי2)); —Qal1141Perfect3mas 7, compareריחspectacleDeuteronomy 1:12; Sabeanראיsee, expectDHMZMG xxix (1875), 506,599; Arabicsee, so Ethiopicᵑ7רֵו,רֵיוָאhumanappearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrewרְָאִי2)); —Qal1141Perfect3mas

Possible Meanings:
  • vision (semantic_range)

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