Genesis 1:7
"And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

And God made the firmament,.... By a word speaking, commanding it into being, producing it out of the chaos, and spreading it in that vast space between the heaven of heavens and our earth (z), And divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament; the lower part of it, the

atmosphere above, which are the clouds full of water, from whence rain descends upon the earth; and which divided between them and those that were left on the earth, and so under it, not yet gathered into one place; as it now does between the clouds of heaven and the waters of the sea. Though Mr. Gregory (a) is of opinion, that an abyss of waters above the most supreme orb is here meant; or a great deep between the heavens and the heaven of heavens, where, as in storehouses, the depth is laid up; and God has his treasures of snow, hail, and rain, and from whence he brought out the waters which drowned the world at the universal deluge. Others suppose the waters above to be the crystalline heaven, which for its clearness resembles water; and which Milton (b) calls the "crystalline ocean", And it was so: the firmament was accordingly made, and answered this purpose, to divide the waters below it from those above it; or "it was firm" (c), stable and durable; and so it has continued. (z) ------and God made The firmament, expanse of liquid, pure, Transparent, elemental air, diffused In circuit to the uttermost convex Of this great round.------ Milton, Paradise Lost, B. 7. l. 263, &c. (a) Notes and Observations, &c. c. 23. p. 110, &c. (b) Ibid. l. 291. (c) "et factum est firmum", Fagius & Nachmanides in ib.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (17 words)

H6213 עָשָׂה
Definition:

A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly, A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly,

Possible Meanings:
  • press (semantic_range)
  • squeeze (semantic_range)
H0430 אֱלהִים
Definition:

33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power 33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power

Possible Meanings:
  • divine ones (semantic_range)
  • angels (semantic_range)
  • gods (semantic_range)
H0853 אֵת
Definition:

33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:

Possible Meanings:
  • sign (semantic_range)
H7549 רָקִיעַ
Definition:

6extended surface, (solid)expanse(as ifbeaten out; compareJob 37:18); — absolute׳רEzekiel 1:22+, construct׳רְGenesis 1:14+; —ᵐ5στερέωμα,ᵑ9firmamentum, compare Syriac below √above; —1(flat)expanse(as i 6extended surface, (solid)expanse(as ifbeaten out; compareJob 37:18); — absolute׳רEzekiel 1:22+, construct׳רְGenesis 1:14+; —ᵐ5στερέωμα,ᵑ9firmamentum, compare Syriac below √above; —1(flat)expanse(as i

H0914 בָּדל
Definition:

9;Deuteronomy 10:8; suffixוְהִבְדִּילוֺconsecutiveDeuteronomy 29:20; 3feminine singularוְהִבְדִּילָהExodus 26:33;וְהִבְדַּלְתָּNumbers 8:14;הִבְדִּילוּEzekiel 22:26, etc.ImperfectיַבְדִּילLeviticus 1: 9;Deuteronomy 10:8; suffixוְהִבְדִּילוֺconsecutiveDeuteronomy 29:20; 3feminine singularוְהִבְדִּילָהExodus 26:33;וְהִבְדַּלְתָּNumbers 8:14;הִבְדִּילוּEzekiel 22:26, etc.ImperfectיַבְדִּילLeviticus 1:

Possible Meanings:
  • piece (semantic_range)
  • severed piece (semantic_range)
H0996 בֵּין
Definition:

4(Baer)בֵּן,בֵּינִי,ֵ˜בּינְךָ,בֵינֵךְ,בֵּינוֺ(בֵּינָיוJoshua 3:4;Joshua 8:11Qr); with plural suffix in plural formבֵּינֵינוּ(בֵּנֵינוּ), etc.; alsoבֵּינוֺתEzekiel 10:2(twice in verse);Ezekiel 10:6(twi 4(Baer)בֵּן,בֵּינִי,ֵ˜בּינְךָ,בֵינֵךְ,בֵּינוֺ(בֵּינָיוJoshua 3:4;Joshua 8:11Qr); with plural suffix in plural formבֵּינֵינוּ(בֵּנֵינוּ), etc.; alsoבֵּינוֺתEzekiel 10:2(twice in verse);Ezekiel 10:6(twi

Possible Meanings:
  • between (semantic_range)
H4325 מַיִם
Definition:

14only pluralמַ֫יִםwaters, water(Late Hebrewid.; MI23[ין]מ; SI5המים; Aramaicמַיָּא,מַיִּין,Assyrianmû, pluralmê, alsomâmuDlHWB 394; ArabicEthiopic, plural; Sabean [מו],מוםpluralמון, Minaean [מה], plur 14only pluralמַ֫יִםwaters, water(Late Hebrewid.; MI23[ין]מ; SI5המים; Aramaicמַיָּא,מַיִּין,Assyrianmû, pluralmê, alsomâmuDlHWB 394; ArabicEthiopic, plural; Sabean [מו],מוםpluralמון, Minaean [מה], plur

H0834 אֲשֶׁר
Definition:

1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff 1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff

Possible Meanings:
  • Asher (semantic_range)
  • happy one (semantic_range)
  • Felix (semantic_range)
  • the tribe (semantic_range)
H8478 תַּחַת
Definition:

4(Cooke320), Syriac); —1asadverb accusativeGenesis 49:25(=Deuteronomy 33:13) the deepרֹבֶצֶת תָּ֑חַתthat couchethbeneath; more usually withמִן,מִתָּחַתliterallyoff(מִן1c)the under part = beneath,Exodu 4(Cooke320), Syriac); —1asadverb accusativeGenesis 49:25(=Deuteronomy 33:13) the deepרֹבֶצֶת תָּ֑חַתthat couchethbeneath; more usually withמִן,מִתָּחַתliterallyoff(מִן1c)the under part = beneath,Exodu

Possible Meanings:
  • underneath (semantic_range)
  • below (semantic_range)
  • instead of (semantic_range)
H7549 רָקִיעַ
Definition:

6extended surface, (solid)expanse(as ifbeaten out; compareJob 37:18); — absolute׳רEzekiel 1:22+, construct׳רְGenesis 1:14+; —ᵐ5στερέωμα,ᵑ9firmamentum, compare Syriac below √above; —1(flat)expanse(as i 6extended surface, (solid)expanse(as ifbeaten out; compareJob 37:18); — absolute׳רEzekiel 1:22+, construct׳רְGenesis 1:14+; —ᵐ5στερέωμα,ᵑ9firmamentum, compare Syriac below √above; —1(flat)expanse(as i

H0996 בֵּין
Definition:

4(Baer)בֵּן,בֵּינִי,ֵ˜בּינְךָ,בֵינֵךְ,בֵּינוֺ(בֵּינָיוJoshua 3:4;Joshua 8:11Qr); with plural suffix in plural formבֵּינֵינוּ(בֵּנֵינוּ), etc.; alsoבֵּינוֺתEzekiel 10:2(twice in verse);Ezekiel 10:6(twi 4(Baer)בֵּן,בֵּינִי,ֵ˜בּינְךָ,בֵינֵךְ,בֵּינוֺ(בֵּינָיוJoshua 3:4;Joshua 8:11Qr); with plural suffix in plural formבֵּינֵינוּ(בֵּנֵינוּ), etc.; alsoבֵּינוֺתEzekiel 10:2(twice in verse);Ezekiel 10:6(twi

Possible Meanings:
  • between (semantic_range)
H4325 מַיִם
Definition:

14only pluralמַ֫יִםwaters, water(Late Hebrewid.; MI23[ין]מ; SI5המים; Aramaicמַיָּא,מַיִּין,Assyrianmû, pluralmê, alsomâmuDlHWB 394; ArabicEthiopic, plural; Sabean [מו],מוםpluralמון, Minaean [מה], plur 14only pluralמַ֫יִםwaters, water(Late Hebrewid.; MI23[ין]מ; SI5המים; Aramaicמַיָּא,מַיִּין,Assyrianmû, pluralmê, alsomâmuDlHWB 394; ArabicEthiopic, plural; Sabean [מו],מוםpluralמון, Minaean [מה], plur

H0834 אֲשֶׁר
Definition:

1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff 1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff

Possible Meanings:
  • Asher (semantic_range)
  • happy one (semantic_range)
  • Felix (semantic_range)
  • the tribe (semantic_range)
H5921 עַל
Definition:

“The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the “The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the

Possible Meanings:
  • upon (semantic_range)
  • on account of (semantic_range)
  • to (semantic_range)
H7549 רָקִיעַ
Definition:

6extended surface, (solid)expanse(as ifbeaten out; compareJob 37:18); — absolute׳רEzekiel 1:22+, construct׳רְGenesis 1:14+; —ᵐ5στερέωμα,ᵑ9firmamentum, compare Syriac below √above; —1(flat)expanse(as i 6extended surface, (solid)expanse(as ifbeaten out; compareJob 37:18); — absolute׳רEzekiel 1:22+, construct׳רְGenesis 1:14+; —ᵐ5στερέωμα,ᵑ9firmamentum, compare Syriac below √above; —1(flat)expanse(as i

H1961 הָיָה
Definition:

1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu 1+;וְהָיָהconsecutiveGenesis 4:14+; 3 feminine singularהָֽיְתָהGenesis 1:2+;הָיָ֑תָהIsaiah 14:243t.;וְהָֽיְתָהconsecutiveGenesis 9:13+;והית2Kings 9:37 Kt (Qrוְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singularהָיִיתָDeu

Possible Meanings:
  • fall out (semantic_range)
  • come to pass (semantic_range)
  • become (semantic_range)
  • be (semantic_range)
  • Fall out (semantic_range)
H3651 כֵּן
Definition:

29+ (on possibly construct see2near the end); pluralכֵּנִיםGenesis 42:11,19,31,33,34; —1right, usually indecl., often as substantivea right thing, especially with vbb.dicendiExodus 10:29(J)כֵּן דִּבַּ 29+ (on possibly construct see2near the end); pluralכֵּנִיםGenesis 42:11,19,31,33,34; —1right, usually indecl., often as substantivea right thing, especially with vbb.dicendiExodus 10:29(J)כֵּן דִּבַּ

Possible Meanings:
  • thus (semantic_range)
  • as follows (semantic_range)

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