Genesis 1:26
"And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

And God said, let us make man in our image, after our likeness,.... These words are directed not to the earth, out of which man was made, as consulting with it, and to be assisting in the formation of man, as Moses Gerundensis, and other Jewish writers (f), which is wretchedly stupid; nor to the angels, as the Targum of Jonathan, Jarchi, and others, who are not of God's privy council, nor were concerned in any part of the creation, and much less in the more noble part of it: nor are the words spoken after the manner of kings, as Saadiah, using the plural number as expressive of honour and majesty; since such a way of speaking did not obtain very early, not even till the close of the Old Testament: but they are spoken by God the Father to the Son and Holy Ghost, who were

each of them concerned in the creation of all things, and particularly of man: hence we read of divine Creators and Makers in the plural number, Job 35:10 and Philo the Jew acknowledges that these words declare a plurality, and are expressive of others, being co-workers with God in creation (g): and man being the principal part of the creation, and for the sake of whom the world, and all things in it were made, and which being finished, he is introduced into it as into an house ready prepared and furnished for him; a consultation is held among the divine Persons about the formation of him; not because of any difficulty attending it, but as expressive of his honour and dignity; it being proposed he should be made not in the likeness of any of the creatures already made, but as near as could be in the likeness and image of God. The Jews sometimes say, that Adam and Eve were created in the likeness of the holy blessed God, and his Shechinah (h); and they also speak (i) of Adam Kadmon the ancient Adam, as the cause of causes, of whom it is said, "I was as one brought up with him (or an artificer with him), Pro 8:30 and to this ancient Adam he said, "let us make man in our image, after our likeness": and again, "let us make man"; to whom did he say this? the cause of causes said to "`jod', he, `vau', he"; that is, to Jehovah, which is in the midst of the ten numerations. What are the ten numerations? "`aleph', he, `jod', he", that is, "I am that I am, Exo 3:14 and he that says let us make, is Jehovah; I am the first, and I am the last, and beside me there is no God: and three jods testify concerning him, that there is none above him, nor any below him, but he is in the middle: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air; that is, to catch them, and eat them; though in the after grant of food to man, no mention as yet is made of any other meat than the herbs and fruits of the earth; yet what can this dominion over fish and fowl signify, unless it be a power to feed upon them? It may be observed, that the plural number is used, "let them", which shows that the name "man" is general in the preceding clause, and includes male and female, as we find by the following verse man was created: and over the cattle, and over all the earth; over the tame creatures, either for food, or clothing, or carriage, or for all of them, some of them for one thing, and some for another; and over all the wild beasts of the earth, which seem to be meant by the phrase, "over all the earth"; that is, over all the beasts of the earth, as appears by comparing it with Gen 1:24 so as to keep them in awe, and keep them off from doing them any damage: and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; to make use of it as should seem convenient for them. (f) Vet. Nizzachon, p. 5. Lipman. Carmen Memorial. p. 108. apud Wagenseil. Tela ignea, vol. 1. (g) De confusione Ling. p. 344. De Profugis, p. 460. De Opificio, p. 16. (h) Tikkune Zohar, correct. 64. fol. 98. 2. (i) Ibid. correct. 70. fol. 119. 1.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (19 words)

H0559 אָמַר
Definition:

1+, etc.;ImperfectיאֹמַרGenesis 31:8+;וַיּאֹ֫מֶרGenesis 1:3+;וַיּאֹמַ֑רGenesis 14:19+; in Job alwaysוַיּאֹ֑מַרJob 3:2+; 3 feminine singularתּאֹמַרGenesis 21:12+;תּאֹמֵר֑Proverbs 1:21; 1singularאֹמַרGe 1+, etc.;ImperfectיאֹמַרGenesis 31:8+;וַיּאֹ֫מֶרGenesis 1:3+;וַיּאֹמַ֑רGenesis 14:19+; in Job alwaysוַיּאֹ֑מַרJob 3:2+; 3 feminine singularתּאֹמַרGenesis 21:12+;תּאֹמֵר֑Proverbs 1:21; 1singularאֹמַרGe

Possible Meanings:
  • lamb (semantic_range)
H0430 אֱלהִים
Definition:

33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power 33; on number of occurrences ofאֵל,אֱלוֺהַּ,אֱלֹהִיםcompare also Nesl. c,)1pluralin number.a.rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power

Possible Meanings:
  • divine ones (semantic_range)
  • angels (semantic_range)
  • gods (semantic_range)
H6213 עָשָׂה
Definition:

A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly, A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly,

Possible Meanings:
  • press (semantic_range)
  • squeeze (semantic_range)
H0120 אָדָם
Definition:

27man, mankind(Phoenicianאדם, Sabeanid., CISiv.1,l.4and others; compare Assyrianadmu,young(of bird) DlW, but NöZMG 1886, 722identification with Arabiccollectivecreatures) — Singular absolute except co 27man, mankind(Phoenicianאדם, Sabeanid., CISiv.1,l.4and others; compare Assyrianadmu,young(of bird) DlW, but NöZMG 1886, 722identification with Arabiccollectivecreatures) — Singular absolute except co

Possible Meanings:
  • carnelian (semantic_range)
  • redness (semantic_range)
H6754 צֶלֶם
Definition:

17image(somethingcut out, compareמֶּסֶל; Nö 'Schnitzbild'); —׳צabsolutePsalm 39:7, constructGenesis 1:27+; suffixצַלְמוֺGenesis 1:27;Genesis 5:3,צַלְמֵנוּGenesis 1:26,צַלְמָםPsalm 73:20; plural constr 17image(somethingcut out, compareמֶּסֶל; Nö 'Schnitzbild'); —׳צabsolutePsalm 39:7, constructGenesis 1:27+; suffixצַלְמוֺGenesis 1:27;Genesis 5:3,צַלְמֵנוּGenesis 1:26,צַלְמָםPsalm 73:20; plural constr

H1823 דְּמוּת
Definition:

1, DrJPh xi. 216CheOP. 474) — absolute׳דIsaiah 40:183t.; construct׳דGenesis 5:116t.; suffixדְּמוּתוֺGenesis 5:3;דְּמוּתֵנוּGenesis 1:26; —1likeness, similitude, of external appearance, chiefly in Ezek 1, DrJPh xi. 216CheOP. 474) — absolute׳דIsaiah 40:183t.; construct׳דGenesis 5:116t.; suffixדְּמוּתוֺGenesis 5:3;דְּמוּתֵנוּGenesis 1:26; —1likeness, similitude, of external appearance, chiefly in Ezek

Possible Meanings:
  • in likeness of (semantic_range)
H7287 רָדָה
Definition:

A primitive root; to tread down, i.e. Subjugate; specifically, to crumble off -- (come to, make to) have dominion, prevail against, reign, (bear, make to) rule,(-r, over), take.Brown-Driver-BriggsI. [ A primitive root; to tread down, i.e. Subjugate; specifically, to crumble off -- (come to, make to) have dominion, prevail against, reign, (bear, make to) rule,(-r, over), take.Brown-Driver-BriggsI. [

Possible Meanings:
  • scrape out (semantic_range)
H1710 דָּגָה
Definition:

55t.; constructדְּגַתGenesis 1:264t. +Ezekiel 29:4b (strike out B Co); suffixדְּגָתוֺEzekiel 47:10ᵐ5ᵑ9Co; (ᵑ0דגתם),דְּגָתָםIsaiah 50:2;Psalm 105:29+Ezekiel 47:10ᵑ0compare above —fish, almost always co 55t.; constructדְּגַתGenesis 1:264t. +Ezekiel 29:4b (strike out B Co); suffixדְּגָתוֺEzekiel 47:10ᵐ5ᵑ9Co; (ᵑ0דגתם),דְּגָתָםIsaiah 50:2;Psalm 105:29+Ezekiel 47:10ᵑ0compare above —fish, almost always co

H3220 יָם
Definition:

27sea(Phoenicianים; Arabic; Palmyreneבימאon the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrianiâmu, (¹mu),sea, see DlHWB 307M-ACD 52HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absoluteיָם1 Samuel 13:5+;יָ֫מָּהGenesis 28:14+; constructיָםGenesi 27sea(Phoenicianים; Arabic; Palmyreneבימאon the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrianiâmu, (¹mu),sea, see DlHWB 307M-ACD 52HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absoluteיָם1 Samuel 13:5+;יָ֫מָּהGenesis 28:14+; constructיָםGenesi

H5775 עוֹף
Definition:

17collectiveflying creatures, fowl, insects; —׳עabsoluteGenesis 1:20+, constructGenesis 1:21+; —1fowl, birds,Genesis 40:17,19 (E),Genesis 7:8(J),Genesis 1:20,22 (P),1 Kings 5:13+; especially (38 t.)הַ 17collectiveflying creatures, fowl, insects; —׳עabsoluteGenesis 1:20+, constructGenesis 1:21+; —1fowl, birds,Genesis 40:17,19 (E),Genesis 7:8(J),Genesis 1:20,22 (P),1 Kings 5:13+; especially (38 t.)הַ

H8064 שָׁמַיִם
Definition:

28only pluralשָׁמַ֫יִם421(Sta§324 a)heavens, sky(Late Hebrewid.; Assyrianšamûpluralšamê, šamûtu, alsošamâmu, compare Phoenicianשמם; SabeanסמהHomChr 46, 124; ArabicEthiopicAramaicשְׁמַיָּא; Palmyrene, 28only pluralשָׁמַ֫יִם421(Sta§324 a)heavens, sky(Late Hebrewid.; Assyrianšamûpluralšamê, šamûtu, alsošamâmu, compare Phoenicianשמם; SabeanסמהHomChr 46, 124; ArabicEthiopicAramaicשְׁמַיָּא; Palmyrene,

H0929 בְּהֵמָה
Definition:

24137t.; constructבֶּהֱמַתNumbers 3:41(twice in verse) + 10 t.; suffixבְּהֶמְתְּךָLeviticus 19:194t.;בְּהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָExodus 20:104t.;בְּהֶמְתּוֺGenesis 36:6;Proverbs 12:10; plural absoluteבְּהֵמוֺתDeuter 24137t.; constructבֶּהֱמַתNumbers 3:41(twice in verse) + 10 t.; suffixבְּהֶמְתְּךָLeviticus 19:194t.;בְּהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָExodus 20:104t.;בְּהֶמְתּוֺGenesis 36:6;Proverbs 12:10; plural absoluteבְּהֵמוֺתDeuter

Possible Meanings:
  • beast (semantic_range)
  • animal (semantic_range)
  • cattle (semantic_range)
  • wild beasts (semantic_range)
H3605 כֹּל
Definition:

8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA 8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA

H0776 אֶרֶץ
Definition:

11& (seldom)masculineGenesis 13:16earth, land(Phoenician, MIארץ, AssyrianirƒituCOTGloss, Arabic, Sabeanארץֿe.g. Os9DHMZMG 1875, 594, 614; Semitic Sprachf. 12, compare PräBAS i. 374 n., Aramaicאֲרַע,) 11& (seldom)masculineGenesis 13:16earth, land(Phoenician, MIארץ, AssyrianirƒituCOTGloss, Arabic, Sabeanארץֿe.g. Os9DHMZMG 1875, 594, 614; Semitic Sprachf. 12, compare PräBAS i. 374 n., Aramaicאֲרַע,)

H3605 כֹּל
Definition:

8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA 8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA

H7431 רֶמֶשׂ
Definition:

20collectivecreeping things, moving things; —׳רabsolute1 Kings 5:13+, constructHosea 2:20+; —1creeping things(distinguished fromבְּהֵמָה,חַיָּה,עוֺף,צִמּוֺר,דָּג)Hosea 2:20;1 Kings 5:13;Ezekiel 8:10;E 20collectivecreeping things, moving things; —׳רabsolute1 Kings 5:13+, constructHosea 2:20+; —1creeping things(distinguished fromבְּהֵמָה,חַיָּה,עוֺף,צִמּוֺר,דָּג)Hosea 2:20;1 Kings 5:13;Ezekiel 8:10;E

H7430 רָמַשׂ
Definition:

22t.;ParticipleרֹמֵשׂGenesis 1:26+; feminine singularרֹמֶ֫שֶׂתLeviticus 11:462t.; —1subject ground,הָאֲדָמָה׳כֹּל אֲשֶׁר תall with which the ground creeps(teems), i.e. all creeping things,Leviticus 20 22t.;ParticipleרֹמֵשׂGenesis 1:26+; feminine singularרֹמֶ֫שֶׂתLeviticus 11:462t.; —1subject ground,הָאֲדָמָה׳כֹּל אֲשֶׁר תall with which the ground creeps(teems), i.e. all creeping things,Leviticus 20

Possible Meanings:
  • moving things (semantic_range)
H5921 עַל
Definition:

“The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the “The Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters” (Genesis 1:2). From the opening verses, עַל marks God’s sovereignty above the chaotic deep, foreshadowing His orderly governance of the

Possible Meanings:
  • upon (semantic_range)
  • on account of (semantic_range)
  • to (semantic_range)
H0776 אֶרֶץ
Definition:

11& (seldom)masculineGenesis 13:16earth, land(Phoenician, MIארץ, AssyrianirƒituCOTGloss, Arabic, Sabeanארץֿe.g. Os9DHMZMG 1875, 594, 614; Semitic Sprachf. 12, compare PräBAS i. 374 n., Aramaicאֲרַע,) 11& (seldom)masculineGenesis 13:16earth, land(Phoenician, MIארץ, AssyrianirƒituCOTGloss, Arabic, Sabeanארץֿe.g. Os9DHMZMG 1875, 594, 614; Semitic Sprachf. 12, compare PräBAS i. 374 n., Aramaicאֲרַע,)

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