Exodus 9:31
"And the flax and the barley was smitten: for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

And the flax and the barley was smitten,.... With the hail, thunder, and lightning, and were beat down, bruised, broken, and blasted, and destroyed; of the former there were great quantities produced in Egypt, which was famous

for linen, much was made there, and there were many that wrought in fine flax, see Isa 19:9 and the latter were used not only to feed their cattle, but to make a drink of, as we do, ale and strong beer; and so the Egyptians use it to this day, as Dr. Shaw (p) says, both to feed their cattle, and after it is dried and parched, to make a fermented, intoxicating liquor, called "bonzah"; probably the same with the barley wine of the ancients, and a species of the "sicar", or strong drink of the Scriptures: for the barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled; or in the stalk, quite grown up, and so the ears of the one were beat off, and the stalks of the other battered with the hail, and broken and destroyed. (p) Travels, tom. 2. c. 2. sect. 5. p. 407. Ed. 2.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (8 words)

H6594 פִשְׁתָּה
Definition:

1growingExodus 9:31(twice in verse)(J).2= wickIsaiah 42:3;Isaiah 43:17(in simile).מַּתseeפתת.Topical LexiconDefinition and Scopeפִשְׁתָּה (pishtah) denotes flax in its various forms—plant, stalk, fibe 1growingExodus 9:31(twice in verse)(J).2= wickIsaiah 42:3;Isaiah 43:17(in simile).מַּתseeפתת.Topical LexiconDefinition and Scopeפִשְׁתָּה (pishtah) denotes flax in its various forms—plant, stalk, fibe

H8184 שְׂעֹרָה
Definition:

31+; usually pluralשְׂעֹרִיםHosea 3:2+; —barley, common grain (often ""חִטָּה, etc.):1growing, standing, singularExodus 9:31(twice in verse) (J),Deuteronomy 8:8;Job 31:40;Job 1:11, as sownIsaiah 28:25 31+; usually pluralשְׂעֹרִיםHosea 3:2+; —barley, common grain (often ""חִטָּה, etc.):1growing, standing, singularExodus 9:31(twice in verse) (J),Deuteronomy 8:8;Job 31:40;Job 1:11, as sownIsaiah 28:25

Possible Meanings:
  • bearded (semantic_range)
H5221 נָכָה
Definition:

15and he shall be smitten[struck by weapon in battle]and die.Pu`alPerfect3feminine singularנֻכָּ֑תָהExodus 9:31; 3pluralנֻכּוּExodus 9:32(J), bothbe smitten downby the hail.Hiph`il482Perfect3masculine 15and he shall be smitten[struck by weapon in battle]and die.Pu`alPerfect3feminine singularנֻכָּ֑תָהExodus 9:31; 3pluralנֻכּוּExodus 9:32(J), bothbe smitten downby the hail.Hiph`il482Perfect3masculine

Possible Meanings:
  • smitten ones (semantic_range)
H3588 כִּי
Definition:

Phoenicianכ. Probably from the same demonstrative basis found inhere, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaicדֵּךְthis(WSG 110 f.); perhaps also ultimately akin withthat, in order that, andthen, enclitic, Phoenicianכ. Probably from the same demonstrative basis found inhere, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaicדֵּךְthis(WSG 110 f.); perhaps also ultimately akin withthat, in order that, andthen, enclitic,

Possible Meanings:
  • for (semantic_range)
  • when (semantic_range)
  • when (semantic_range)
H8184 שְׂעֹרָה
Definition:

31+; usually pluralשְׂעֹרִיםHosea 3:2+; —barley, common grain (often ""חִטָּה, etc.):1growing, standing, singularExodus 9:31(twice in verse) (J),Deuteronomy 8:8;Job 31:40;Job 1:11, as sownIsaiah 28:25 31+; usually pluralשְׂעֹרִיםHosea 3:2+; —barley, common grain (often ""חִטָּה, etc.):1growing, standing, singularExodus 9:31(twice in verse) (J),Deuteronomy 8:8;Job 31:40;Job 1:11, as sownIsaiah 28:25

Possible Meanings:
  • bearded (semantic_range)
H0024 אָבִיב
Definition:

14collective(LagBN 207Infinitive)1fresh, young earsof barleyExodus 9:31; indefiniteLeviticus 2:14קָלוּי בָּאֵשׁ׳מִנְחַת בִּכּוּרִים ליהוה א.2חֹדֶשׁהָֽאָבִיבmonth of ear-forming, or of growing green, A 14collective(LagBN 207Infinitive)1fresh, young earsof barleyExodus 9:31; indefiniteLeviticus 2:14קָלוּי בָּאֵשׁ׳מִנְחַת בִּכּוּרִים ליהוה א.2חֹדֶשׁהָֽאָבִיבmonth of ear-forming, or of growing green, A

Possible Meanings:
  • Abib (semantic_range)
H6594 פִשְׁתָּה
Definition:

1growingExodus 9:31(twice in verse)(J).2= wickIsaiah 42:3;Isaiah 43:17(in simile).מַּתseeפתת.Topical LexiconDefinition and Scopeפִשְׁתָּה (pishtah) denotes flax in its various forms—plant, stalk, fibe 1growingExodus 9:31(twice in verse)(J).2= wickIsaiah 42:3;Isaiah 43:17(in simile).מַּתseeפתת.Topical LexiconDefinition and Scopeפִשְׁתָּה (pishtah) denotes flax in its various forms—plant, stalk, fibe

H1392 גִּבְעֹל
Definition:

31the flax was bud(i.e. in bud Dr§ 188, (2)), compare RSJPh xii.299, 300.Topical LexiconOccurrence and Narrative Settingגִּבְעֹל appears once in the Hebrew canon, inExodus 9:31, within the account of 31the flax was bud(i.e. in bud Dr§ 188, (2)), compare RSJPh xii.299, 300.Topical LexiconOccurrence and Narrative Settingגִּבְעֹל appears once in the Hebrew canon, inExodus 9:31, within the account of

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