Esther 4:1
"When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry;"

Commentary

Matthew Henry Concise

📖

Summary

Mordecai avowed his relation to the Jews.

Reflection

God will keep those that are exposed to evil by the tenderness of their consciences./

📚Read Complete Commentary

Mordecai avowed his relation to the Jews. Public calamities, that oppress the church of God, should affect our hearts more than any private affliction, and it is peculiarly distressing to

occasion sufferings to others. God will keep those that are exposed to evil by the tenderness of their consciences./

Source: Matthew Henry Concise (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (20 words)

H4782 מָרְדְּכַי
Definition:

2;Esther 2:5+;מָרְדֳּכָ֑יEsther 2:22+; —1companion of Zerubbabel, according toEzra 2:2=Nehemiah 7:7.ᵐ5Μαραθχαιος,Μαρδοχαιος, etc:2cousin and adoptive father of EstherEsther 2:5,7,10 55t. Esther.ᵐ5Μαρδ 2;Esther 2:5+;מָרְדֳּכָ֑יEsther 2:22+; —1companion of Zerubbabel, according toEzra 2:2=Nehemiah 7:7.ᵐ5Μαραθχαιος,Μαρδοχαιος, etc:2cousin and adoptive father of EstherEsther 2:5,7,10 55t. Esther.ᵐ5Μαρδ

Possible Meanings:
  • Mordecai (semantic_range)
H3045 יָדַע
Definition:

1+;יָדָ֑עLeviticus 5:1+; suffixיְדָעוֺDeuteronomy 34:10;Job 28:7;יְדָעָהּGenesis 24:16;1 Kings 1:4;יְדָעָ֫נוּIsaiah 63:16; 3feminine singularיָָֽדְעָהJudges 11:394t.; 2 masculine singularיָדַעְתָּGene 1+;יָדָ֑עLeviticus 5:1+; suffixיְדָעוֺDeuteronomy 34:10;Job 28:7;יְדָעָהּGenesis 24:16;1 Kings 1:4;יְדָעָ֫נוּIsaiah 63:16; 3feminine singularיָָֽדְעָהJudges 11:394t.; 2 masculine singularיָדַעְתָּGene

Possible Meanings:
  • know (semantic_range)
  • know (semantic_range)
  • cause to know (semantic_range)
  • inform (semantic_range)
H0853 אֵת
Definition:

33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:

Possible Meanings:
  • sign (semantic_range)
H3605 כֹּל
Definition:

8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA 8 Kt.),noun masculinethe whole, all(Moabite, Phoenician,id.; Aramaicכּוֺל,; Arabic; Sabeanכל, compare DHMEpigr. Denk. 36-38; EthiopicAssyriankullatu) — absoluteכֹּל, constructכֹּלGenesis 2:5,16,20 #NA

H0834 אֲשֶׁר
Definition:

1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff 1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff

Possible Meanings:
  • Asher (semantic_range)
  • happy one (semantic_range)
  • Felix (semantic_range)
  • the tribe (semantic_range)
H6213 עָשָׂה
Definition:

A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly, A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows) -- accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly,

Possible Meanings:
  • press (semantic_range)
  • squeeze (semantic_range)
H7167 קָרַע
Definition:

28+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularזַיִּקְרַעGenesis 37:29+; 1 singular suffixאֶקְרָעֶנָּה1 Kings 11:12, etc.;Imperativemasculine pluralקִרְעוּ2 Samuel 3:31;Joel 2:13;Infinitive absoluteקָרֹעַ1 Kin 28+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularזַיִּקְרַעGenesis 37:29+; 1 singular suffixאֶקְרָעֶנָּה1 Kings 11:12, etc.;Imperativemasculine pluralקִרְעוּ2 Samuel 3:31;Joel 2:13;Infinitive absoluteקָרֹעַ1 Kin

Possible Meanings:
  • torn piece (semantic_range)
  • rag (semantic_range)
H4782 מָרְדְּכַי
Definition:

2;Esther 2:5+;מָרְדֳּכָ֑יEsther 2:22+; —1companion of Zerubbabel, according toEzra 2:2=Nehemiah 7:7.ᵐ5Μαραθχαιος,Μαρδοχαιος, etc:2cousin and adoptive father of EstherEsther 2:5,7,10 55t. Esther.ᵐ5Μαρδ 2;Esther 2:5+;מָרְדֳּכָ֑יEsther 2:22+; —1companion of Zerubbabel, according toEzra 2:2=Nehemiah 7:7.ᵐ5Μαραθχαιος,Μαρδοχαιος, etc:2cousin and adoptive father of EstherEsther 2:5,7,10 55t. Esther.ᵐ5Μαρδ

Possible Meanings:
  • Mordecai (semantic_range)
H0853 אֵת
Definition:

33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34: 33,אֹתָ֑ךְ,אֹתָ֑כָהExodus 29:35, feminineאֹתָךְ;אֹתוֺetc.; 2 pluralאֶתְכֶם, once˜אוֺתְכֶםJoshua 23:15; 3masculine plural regularlyאֹתָם, rarelyאֶתְהֶםGenesis 32:1;Exodus 18:20;Numbers 21:3;Ezekiel 34:

Possible Meanings:
  • sign (semantic_range)
H0899 בֶּגֶד
Definition:

Frombagad; a covering, i.e. Clothing; also treachery or pillage -- apparel, cloth(-es, ing), garment, lap, rag, raiment, robe, X very (treacherously), vesture, wardrobe.see HEBREWbagadBrown-Driver-Bri Frombagad; a covering, i.e. Clothing; also treachery or pillage -- apparel, cloth(-es, ing), garment, lap, rag, raiment, robe, X very (treacherously), vesture, wardrobe.see HEBREWbagadBrown-Driver-Bri

H3847 לָבַשׁ
Definition:

1(twice in verse),לָבַשׁJob 7:52t.,וְלָבַשׁ(consecutive)Leviticus 6:33t.; suffixוּלְבָשֵׁם(consecutive)Leviticus 16:4; 3feminine singularלָֽבְשָׁהJudges 6:342t., etc. (Ezekiel 42:14 read probablyוְלָֽ 1(twice in verse),לָבַשׁJob 7:52t.,וְלָבַשׁ(consecutive)Leviticus 6:33t.; suffixוּלְבָשֵׁם(consecutive)Leviticus 16:4; 3feminine singularלָֽבְשָׁהJudges 6:342t., etc. (Ezekiel 42:14 read probablyוְלָֽ

Possible Meanings:
  • be clothed (semantic_range)
  • clothe (semantic_range)
H8242 שַׂק
Definition:

4sack, sackcloth(see SchwZAW xi (1891), 173who conjectures Egyptian origin; Late Hebrewסַקsackcloth(rare); Assyrianša‡‡u,sack(DlHWB 687 a),sackcloth(WklAltor. Forsch, vi. 44); Ethiopic= Biblical Hebre 4sack, sackcloth(see SchwZAW xi (1891), 173who conjectures Egyptian origin; Late Hebrewסַקsackcloth(rare); Assyrianša‡‡u,sack(DlHWB 687 a),sackcloth(WklAltor. Forsch, vi. 44); Ethiopic= Biblical Hebre

Possible Meanings:
  • leg (semantic_range)
H0665 אֵפֶר
Definition:

27+; constructNumbers 19:9,10 —ashesof red heifer, used in purificationsNumbers 19:9,10; on head, as sign of humiliation2 Samuel 13:19; contritionDaniel 9:3(""צוֺם,שַׂק),Jonah 3:6(""שַׂק) compareJob 4 27+; constructNumbers 19:9,10 —ashesof red heifer, used in purificationsNumbers 19:9,10; on head, as sign of humiliation2 Samuel 13:19; contritionDaniel 9:3(""צוֺם,שַׂק),Jonah 3:6(""שַׂק) compareJob 4

Possible Meanings:
  • covering (semantic_range)
  • bandage (semantic_range)
H3318 יָצָא
Definition:

1192t.; 3 feminine singularיָָֽצְאָהNumbers 16:3513t.;יָצָ֑אָהIsaiah 28:29; 2masculine singularיָצָאתָGenesis 24:57t.; 2 feminine singularוְיָצָאתJeremiah 31:4; 2masculine pluralיְצָאתֶםExodus 13:3;De 1192t.; 3 feminine singularיָָֽצְאָהNumbers 16:3513t.;יָצָ֑אָהIsaiah 28:29; 2masculine singularיָצָאתָGenesis 24:57t.; 2 feminine singularוְיָצָאתJeremiah 31:4; 2masculine pluralיְצָאתֶםExodus 13:3;De

Possible Meanings:
  • go (semantic_range)
  • come out (semantic_range)
  • go (semantic_range)
  • come out (semantic_range)
  • forth (semantic_range)
H8432 תָּוֶךְ
Definition:

10+; constructתּוֺךְGenesis 1:6+;תּוֺכִי,תּוֺכוֺ, etc., 2 feminine singularתּוֺכֵּ֫ כִיPsalm 116:19;Psalm 135:9,תּוֺכֹהEzekiel 48:15,21,תּוֺכֲכֶםGenesis 23:9+,תּוֺכָ֫הְנָהEzekiel 16:53(Ges§ 91f); —mid 10+; constructתּוֺךְGenesis 1:6+;תּוֺכִי,תּוֺכוֺ, etc., 2 feminine singularתּוֺכֵּ֫ כִיPsalm 116:19;Psalm 135:9,תּוֺכֹהEzekiel 48:15,21,תּוֺכֲכֶםGenesis 23:9+,תּוֺכָ֫הְנָהEzekiel 16:53(Ges§ 91f); —mid

Possible Meanings:
  • midst (semantic_range)
H5892 עִיר
Definition:

Or (in the plural) par {awr}; or ayar (Judges 10:4) {aw-yar'}; fromuwra city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post) -- Ai (from margin), city, c Or (in the plural) par {awr}; or ayar (Judges 10:4) {aw-yar'}; fromuwra city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post) -- Ai (from margin), city, c

Possible Meanings:
  • wakeful (semantic_range)
  • one (semantic_range)
  • angel (semantic_range)
H2199 זָעַק
Definition:

19; 1singularזָעַקְתִּיPsalm 142:6; 3pluralזָָֽעֲקוּJudges 6:73t.;וְזָעֲקוּconsecutiveJudges 11:112t.; 2 masculine pluralוּזְעַקְתֶּםconsecutive1 Samuel 8:18;Imperfect3masculine singularיִזְעָ֑קIsaiah 19; 1singularזָעַקְתִּיPsalm 142:6; 3pluralזָָֽעֲקוּJudges 6:73t.;וְזָעֲקוּconsecutiveJudges 11:112t.; 2 masculine pluralוּזְעַקְתֶּםconsecutive1 Samuel 8:18;Imperfect3masculine singularיִזְעָ֑קIsaiah

Possible Meanings:
  • cry (semantic_range)
  • call (semantic_range)
H2201 זַעַק
Definition:

225t.; constructזַעֲקַתGenesis 18:203t.; suffixזַעֲקָתִיJob 16:18;זַעֲקָתָםIsaiah 15:53t.; —1outcry, against,זַעֲקַת׳סְדֹם וגוGenesis 18:20(J).2cry of distress, concerning somethingזַעֲקַתשֶֿׁבֶרIsaia 225t.; constructזַעֲקַתGenesis 18:203t.; suffixזַעֲקָתִיJob 16:18;זַעֲקָתָםIsaiah 15:53t.; —1outcry, against,זַעֲקַת׳סְדֹם וגוGenesis 18:20(J).2cry of distress, concerning somethingזַעֲקַתשֶֿׁבֶרIsaia

Possible Meanings:
  • call (semantic_range)
H1419 גָּדוֹל
Definition:

13 279t.;גָּדֹלDeuteronomy 26:822t.; constructגְּדוֺלEzekiel 17:3,7;Jeremiah 32:19,גְּדָלֿProverbs 19:19,גְּדָו֯לֿPsalm 145:8;Nahum 1:3; suffixגְּדוֺלָםJeremiah 6:132t.; pluralגְּדוֺלִיםExodus 7:411t. 13 279t.;גָּדֹלDeuteronomy 26:822t.; constructגְּדוֺלEzekiel 17:3,7;Jeremiah 32:19,גְּדָלֿProverbs 19:19,גְּדָו֯לֿPsalm 145:8;Nahum 1:3; suffixגְּדוֺלָםJeremiah 6:132t.; pluralגְּדוֺלִיםExodus 7:411t.

Possible Meanings:
  • great (semantic_range)
  • loud (semantic_range)
  • do great things (semantic_range)
  • greatness (semantic_range)
H4751 מַר
Definition:

7+,הַמַּרHabakkuk 1:6,מָ֑רPsalm 64:4+; constructמַר1 Samuel 22:2+; feminineמָרָהGenesis 27:34+,מָרָאRuth 1:20; constructמָרַת1 Samuel 1:10; masculine pluralמָרִיםExodus 15:23+; constructמָרֵיJudges 18 7+,הַמַּרHabakkuk 1:6,מָ֑רPsalm 64:4+; constructמַר1 Samuel 22:2+; feminineמָרָהGenesis 27:34+,מָרָאRuth 1:20; constructמָרַת1 Samuel 1:10; masculine pluralמָרִיםExodus 15:23+; constructמָרֵיJudges 18

Possible Meanings:
  • drop (semantic_range)

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