Esther 1:12
"But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king’s commandment by his chamberlains: therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him."

Commentary

Gill's Exposition

But the queen refused to came at the king's commandment by his chamberlains,.... Even though he sent by them again, as the Targum; and so says Josephus (o); which might not purely arise from pride in her, and contempt of him, but because she might conclude he

was drunk, and knew not well what he did; and therefore had she come at his command, when he was himself and sober, he might blame her for coming, nay, use her ill for it, and especially if she was to come naked, as say the Jews (p); and besides, it was contrary to the law of the Persians, as not only Josephus (q), but Plutarch (r) observes, which suffered not women to be seen in public; and particularly did not allow their wives to be with them at feasts, only their concubines and harlots, with whom they could behave with more indecency; as for their wives, they were kept out of sight, at home (s); and therefore Vashti might think it an indignity to be treated as an harlot or concubine: therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him; which was the more fierce, as he was inflamed with wine. (o) Antiqu. l. 11. c. 6. sect. 1. (p) Targum in loc. Midrash Esther, fol. 90. 1. (q) Antiqu. l. 11. c. 6. sect. 1. (r) In Themistoele. (s) Macrob. Saturnal. l. 7. c. 1.

Source: Gill's Exposition (Public Domain)

Hebrew Word Studies (14 words)

H3985 מָאֵן
Definition:

144t.; feminine singularמֵאֲנָהJeremiah 15:183t.;מֵאַנְתָּExodus 10:3, etc.;ImperfectיְמָאֵןExodus 22:16;וַיְמָאֵןGenesis 37:358t. etc.;Inf.absמָאֵןExodus 22:16; —refuse, (followed by Infinitive excep 144t.; feminine singularמֵאֲנָהJeremiah 15:183t.;מֵאַנְתָּExodus 10:3, etc.;ImperfectיְמָאֵןExodus 22:16;וַיְמָאֵןGenesis 37:358t. etc.;Inf.absמָאֵןExodus 22:16; —refuse, (followed by Infinitive excep

Possible Meanings:
  • vessel (semantic_range)
  • utensil (semantic_range)
H4436 מַלְכָּה
Definition:

— absolute׳מEsther 1:924t. Esther; constructמַלְכַּת1 Kings 10:17t.; pluralמְלָכוֺתSongs 6:8,9; —queenof Sheba1 Kings 10:1,4,10,13 2Chron 9:1; 9:3; 9:9; 9:12 of Persia, VashtiEsther 1:97t.Esther 1; Es — absolute׳מEsther 1:924t. Esther; constructמַלְכַּת1 Kings 10:17t.; pluralמְלָכוֺתSongs 6:8,9; —queenof Sheba1 Kings 10:1,4,10,13 2Chron 9:1; 9:3; 9:9; 9:12 of Persia, VashtiEsther 1:97t.Esther 1; Es

H2060 וַשְׁתִּי
Definition:

9,11,12,15,16,17,19;Esther 2:1,4,17.Topical LexiconName and IdentityVashti is introduced in Esther as the principal wife of King Ahasuerus of Persia (commonly identified with Xerxes I). She appears so 9,11,12,15,16,17,19;Esther 2:1,4,17.Topical LexiconName and IdentityVashti is introduced in Esther as the principal wife of King Ahasuerus of Persia (commonly identified with Xerxes I). She appears so

H0935 בּוֹא
Definition:

13+; 3 feminine singularבָּ֫אָהGenesis 15:17+; suffixבָּאַתְנוּPsalm 44:18; 2masculine singularבָּ֫אתָJoshua 13:1+,בָּ֫אתָה2 Samuel 3:7; 2feminine singularבָּאתְGenesis 16:8;Ruth 2:12,וּבָאתְconsecuti 13+; 3 feminine singularבָּ֫אָהGenesis 15:17+; suffixבָּאַתְנוּPsalm 44:18; 2masculine singularבָּ֫אתָJoshua 13:1+,בָּ֫אתָה2 Samuel 3:7; 2feminine singularבָּאתְGenesis 16:8;Ruth 2:12,וּבָאתְconsecuti

Possible Meanings:
  • come in (semantic_range)
  • come (semantic_range)
  • go in (semantic_range)
  • go (semantic_range)
  • come in (semantic_range)
H1697 דָבָר
Definition:

14446t.; constructדְּבַרGenesis 12:17361t.; suffixדְּבָרִיNumbers 11:23+ (suffixes 66 t.); singular in all 875 t.; pluralדְּבָרִיםExodus 4:10182t.; constructדִּבְרֵיGenesis 24:30253t.; suffixדְּבָרָיו 14446t.; constructדְּבַרGenesis 12:17361t.; suffixדְּבָרִיNumbers 11:23+ (suffixes 66 t.); singular in all 875 t.; pluralדְּבָרִיםExodus 4:10182t.; constructדִּבְרֵיGenesis 24:30253t.; suffixדְּבָרָיו

Possible Meanings:
  • speaking (semantic_range)
H4428 מֶלֶךְ
Definition:

4המלכן; Phoenicianמלך; ZinjirliמלךDHMSendsch. 60; Assyrianmaliku,malku,prince(Assyrianšarru=king); Arabicking(original Hebrew *מַלִחinferred, LagBN 73BaNB § 112WMMAs. u. Europ.76); SabeanמלכןSabDenkmN 4המלכן; Phoenicianמלך; ZinjirliמלךDHMSendsch. 60; Assyrianmaliku,malku,prince(Assyrianšarru=king); Arabicking(original Hebrew *מַלִחinferred, LagBN 73BaNB § 112WMMAs. u. Europ.76); SabeanמלכןSabDenkmN

Possible Meanings:
  • counsel (semantic_range)
  • advice (semantic_range)
H0834 אֲשֶׁר
Definition:

1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff 1according to TsepreghiDiss. Lugd. p. 171MühlauBö. Lb. ii. 79 n.StaMorg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167HomZMG 1878, 708 ff.Müll§ 153SayceHebraica. ii. 51LagM. i. 255 &especially KraeHebraica. vi. 298 ff

Possible Meanings:
  • Asher (semantic_range)
  • happy one (semantic_range)
  • Felix (semantic_range)
  • the tribe (semantic_range)
H3027 יָד
Definition:

26+ often (masculineExodus 17:12see Di; onיִרְמּוּ יָדַיִם2 Samuel 4:1;Zephaniah 3:16; 2Chronicles 15:7;Nehemiah 6:9, see Ges§ 145, 7 a, R. 1)hand(Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicיְדָא,; ZinjirliידDHMSendsch.G 26+ often (masculineExodus 17:12see Di; onיִרְמּוּ יָדַיִם2 Samuel 4:1;Zephaniah 3:16; 2Chronicles 15:7;Nehemiah 6:9, see Ges§ 145, 7 a, R. 1)hand(Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicיְדָא,; ZinjirliידDHMSendsch.G

Possible Meanings:
  • power (semantic_range)
H5631 סָרִיס
Definition:

97t.; constructסְרִיסGenesis 37:363t.; pluralסָרִיסִים2 Kings 9:3217t.; constructסְרִיסֵיGenesis 40:74t.; suffixסָרִיסָיוGenesis 40:24t.,סָרִיסֶ֫יהָEsther 4:4; —eunuch, of PharaohGenesis 37:36;Genesis 97t.; constructסְרִיסGenesis 37:363t.; pluralסָרִיסִים2 Kings 9:3217t.; constructסְרִיסֵיGenesis 40:74t.; suffixסָרִיסָיוGenesis 40:24t.,סָרִיסֶ֫יהָEsther 4:4; —eunuch, of PharaohGenesis 37:36;Genesis

H7107 קָצַף
Definition:

10+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִקְצֹףLeviticus 10:6+, etc.;Infinitive constructקְצֹףIsaiah 54:9;ParticipleקֹצֵףZechariah 1:15;-be wroth:1of God; absoluteDeuteronomy 1:34;Isaiah 57:16,17 (twice 10+, etc.;Imperfect3masculine singularיִקְצֹףLeviticus 10:6+, etc.;Infinitive constructקְצֹףIsaiah 54:9;ParticipleקֹצֵףZechariah 1:15;-be wroth:1of God; absoluteDeuteronomy 1:34;Isaiah 57:16,17 (twice

Possible Meanings:
  • wrath (semantic_range)
H4428 מֶלֶךְ
Definition:

4המלכן; Phoenicianמלך; ZinjirliמלךDHMSendsch. 60; Assyrianmaliku,malku,prince(Assyrianšarru=king); Arabicking(original Hebrew *מַלִחinferred, LagBN 73BaNB § 112WMMAs. u. Europ.76); SabeanמלכןSabDenkmN 4המלכן; Phoenicianמלך; ZinjirliמלךDHMSendsch. 60; Assyrianmaliku,malku,prince(Assyrianšarru=king); Arabicking(original Hebrew *מַלִחinferred, LagBN 73BaNB § 112WMMAs. u. Europ.76); SabeanמלכןSabDenkmN

Possible Meanings:
  • counsel (semantic_range)
  • advice (semantic_range)
H3966 מְאֹד
Definition:

—1force, might,Deuteronomy 6:5וּבְכָלמְֿאֹדֶ֑ךָand with all thymight; hence2 Kings 23:25.2in different idioms(298 t.) to express the idea ofexceedingly, greatly, very(whether of magnitude or degree):a —1force, might,Deuteronomy 6:5וּבְכָלמְֿאֹדֶ֑ךָand with all thymight; hence2 Kings 23:25.2in different idioms(298 t.) to express the idea ofexceedingly, greatly, very(whether of magnitude or degree):a

Possible Meanings:
  • muchness (semantic_range)
  • abundance (semantic_range)
H2534 חֵמָה
Definition:

6, seeחֶמְאָה;חַמָּה,חַמָּן,חַמּוֺן,חַמַּתsee belowחמם. belowחֵמָה(onceחֵמָא):121noun feminineheat, rage(forיְחֵמָה ֗֗֗; Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicיַחְמָאpoison,heat, wrath, poison, BrockLex. 116, also N 6, seeחֶמְאָה;חַמָּה,חַמָּן,חַמּוֺן,חַמַּתsee belowחמם. belowחֵמָה(onceחֵמָא):121noun feminineheat, rage(forיְחֵמָה ֗֗֗; Late Hebrewid.; Aramaicיַחְמָאpoison,heat, wrath, poison, BrockLex. 116, also N

Possible Meanings:
  • fever (semantic_range)
  • venom (semantic_range)
H1197 בָּעַר
Definition:

A primitive root; to kindle, i.e. Consume (by fire or by eating); also (as denominative fromba'ar) to be(-come) brutish -- be brutish, bring (put, take) away, burn, (cause to) eat (up), feed, heat, ki A primitive root; to kindle, i.e. Consume (by fire or by eating); also (as denominative fromba'ar) to be(-come) brutish -- be brutish, bring (put, take) away, burn, (cause to) eat (up), feed, heat, ki

Possible Meanings:
  • brutishness (semantic_range)

Interlinear data not available for this verse yet.

---

Get the daily verse delivered free

Create Free Account

Automatic daily verse emails after signup

← Chapter 1 All Chapters